{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T16:34:27Z","timestamp":1790872467852,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Bioscientifica","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["journals.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The antitumor effects of small-sized liposomal Adriamycin (LADR) administered by various routes were investigated in rabbits bearing well-developed VX2 tumors in the mammary gland. Rabbits received s.c. or i.v., or s.c. combined with i.v., injections of LADR 6 weeks after tumor implantation. The i.v. route showed a significant inhibitory effect on breast tumors and distant metastases. In comparison, metastases in axillary and mediastinal lymph nodes were more efficiently inhibited after s.c. injection. LADR administered concurrently by both the i.v. and s.c. routes produced satisfactory therapeutic activities on both primary breast tumors and metastases in local-regional lymph nodes, lungs and liver, as shown by slowed growth rates, decreased mRNA expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and extensive necrosis and apoptosis of tumor cells. It is concluded that small-sized LADR administered s.c. provides reliable efficacy on lymphatic metastases of breast cancer and that the addition of treatment by the s.c. route to that by the conventional i.v. route can be recommended as a promising procedure to enhance chemotherapeutic effects in patients with metastatic breast cancer.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1677\/erc.1.00871","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,23]],"date-time":"2005-03-23T14:23:01Z","timestamp":1111587781000},"page":"93-100","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Effect of small-sized liposomal Adriamycin administered by various routes on a metastatic breast cancer model"],"prefix":"10.1530","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"J-H","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular and Endocrine Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Ling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular and Endocrine Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Q","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular and Endocrine Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Cell Engineering Research Center, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Shaanxi Liposome Research Center, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Z","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Department of Pathology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K-Z","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular and Endocrine Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"416","reference":[{"key":"2026070905530455600_AHSAN-ETAL-2002","unstructured":"Ahsan\n            F\n          , Rivas IP, Khan MA & Torres Suarez AI 2002 Targeting to macrophages: role of physicochemical properties of particulate carriers \u2013 liposomes and microspheres \u2013 on the phagocytosis by macrophages. 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