{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T14:16:43Z","timestamp":1791123403114,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Bioscientifica","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["journals.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Growth hormone-deficient (GHD) patients show a decreased number of adipocytes, which is normalized by GH replacement, indicating an adipogenic effect of GH. However, the precise mechanisms underlying this effect remain to be clarified. In this study, we investigated the adipogenic effect of GH. GH stimulated MDI (3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, dexamethasone, and insulin)-induced adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells with early induction of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR)\u03b32 expression. This adipogenic effect of GH was suppressed by overexpression of Stat5A mutant (Stat5A-Y694F), a transcriptional suppressor for the GH\u2013Stat5A\/5B signaling pathway, with the reduction of PPAR\u03b32 expression. Next, we investigated the relationship between Stat5A\/5B and CCAAT\/enhancer binding protein (C\/EBP)\u03b2\/\u03b4 orPPAR\u03b3 in 3T3-L1 cells. Stat5A\/5B stimulated C\/EBP\u03b2- and C\/EBP\u03b4-induced adipogenesis with enhancement of PPAR\u03b32 expression. In addition, Stat5A\/5B enhanced the transcriptional activity of C\/EBP\u03b2\/\u03b4 in the PPAR\u03b3 gene promoter. Furthermore, Stat5A\/5B stimulated PPAR\u03b3-induced adipogenesis and enhanced the transcriptional activity of PPAR\u03b3. These results suggest that the GH\u2013Stat5A\/5B signaling pathway stimulates adipogenesis in cooperation with C\/EBP\u03b2\/\u03b4 and PPAR\u03b3. To completely understand the effect of GH, cDNA microarray analysis was performed to screen genes affected by GH during MDI-induced adipogenesis. Among 4277 genes, 18 and 19 genes were up- and down-regulated respectively. cDNA microarray analysis also indicated the up-regulation of PPAR\u03b3 and the modulation of expression of genes coding for growth factors or growth factor receptors, suggesting that GH stimulates adipogenesis in association with the modulation of cell growth. Thus, the GH\u2013Stat5A\/B signaling pathway stimulates adipogenesis through two distinct steps. In addition, cDNA microarray data provide us the further insights underlying the adipogenic effect of GH.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1677\/jme.1.02154","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,22]],"date-time":"2007-01-22T14:03:02Z","timestamp":1169474582000},"page":"19-34","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":85,"title":["Growth hormone stimulates adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells through activation of the Stat5A\/5B-PPAR\u03b3 pathway"],"prefix":"10.1530","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Masanobu","family":"Kawai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noriyuki","family":"Namba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sotaro","family":"Mushiake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuri","family":"Etani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Riko","family":"Nishimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Makoto","family":"Makishima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi-kamicho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan 2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keiichi","family":"Ozono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"416","reference":[{"key":"2026070808153751600_BENGTSSON-ETAL-1993","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bengtsson\n              BA\n            \n          , Eden S, Lonn L, Kvist H, Stokland A, Lindstedt G, Bosaeus I, Tolli J, Sjostrom L & Isaksson OG 1993 Treatment of adults with growth hormone (GH) deficiency with recombinant human GH. 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