{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T20:39:31Z","timestamp":1791405571263,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Bioscientifica","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["joe.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    As for any solid tumour, pituitary adenoma expansion is dependent on neovascularization through angiogenesis. In this process, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2 and neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) may play an outstanding role. The intention of this work was to study the expression\/localization and possible function of VEGF receptors in pituitary adenomas. VEGF receptor mRNA and protein expression was studied by\n                    <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic>\n                    hybridization, immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR in 6 normal human pituitaries, 39 human pituitary adenomas and 4 rodent pituitary adenoma cell lines. VEGFR-1 expressing somatotroph MtT-S cells were used as a model to study the role of VEGF on cell proliferation and to elucidate the underlying mechanism of action. In normal pituitaries, VEGFR-1 was detected in endocrine cells, whereas VEGFR-2 and NRP-1 were exclusively expressed in endothelial cells. In pituitary tumours, a heterogeneous VEGFR expression pattern was observed by IHC. VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2 and NRP-1 were detected in 24, 18 and 17 adenomas respectively. In the adenomas, VEGFR-1 was expressed in epithelial tumour cells and VEGFR-2\/NRP-1 in vessel endothelial cells. Functional studies in VEGFR-1-positive MtT-S cells showed that the ligands of VEGFR-1 significantly stimulated cell proliferation. This effect was mediated through the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase-signalling pathway and involves induction of cyclin D1 and Bcl-2. Based on our results, we speculate that the ligands of VEGF receptors, such as VEGF-A and placenta growth factor, not only play a role in angiogenesis in pituitary adenomas, but also affect the growth of pituitary tumour cells through VEGFR-1.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.1.06992","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,25]],"date-time":"2006-10-25T14:03:10Z","timestamp":1161784990000},"page":"249-261","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-5","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Localization of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptors in normal and adenomatous pituitaries: detection of a non-endothelial function of VEGF in pituitary tumours"],"prefix":"10.1530","volume":"191","author":[{"given":"Chiara","family":"Onofri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marily","family":"Theodoropoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Losa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eberhard","family":"Uhl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manfred","family":"Lange","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduardo","family":"Arzt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gu\u0308nter K","family":"Stalla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulrich","family":"Renner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"416","container-title":["Journal of Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/joe.bioscientifica.com\/view\/journals\/joe\/191\/1\/1910249.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/joe.bioscientifica.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/joe\/191\/1\/1910249.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T13:56:52Z","timestamp":1784555812000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.bioscientifica.com\/joe\/article\/191\/1\/249-261\/21380"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,10]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1677\/joe.1.06992","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-0795","1479-6805"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-0795","type":"print"},{"value":"1479-6805","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,10]]}}}