{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,11]],"date-time":"2026-01-11T01:04:53Z","timestamp":1768093493603,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Emerald","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Municipal Engineer"],"abstract":"<jats:p> The injury severity resulting from a road accident is usually defined based on the most serious victim, which can involve more than one driver, pedestrian, or passenger. Unlike other works that focus on driver characteristics, the present study developed for urban roads focuses on vulnerable users by limiting the database to accidents with a single victim with more serious injuries. Using the CART algorithm, the selected methodology strives to reduce the effects of data imbalance, incorporating various misclassification costs to improve the \u2018accident with death\u2019 prediction (minority class) and evaluating the quality results by association rules. After incorporating a 5:1 misclassification cost, recall increased from 0% to 43.3%. Two predictive \u2018death\u2019 decision rules were validated, and the identified factors were alcohol\/drug consumption, type of accident, age group and annual average daily traffic for traffic above 70 km\/h. Limiting the study to accidents with only one person suffering a more serious injury allowed for the identification of significant variables related to vulnerable users, and that can be considered in support of decision-making to reduce the severity of accidents. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1680\/jmuen.23.00034","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]],"date-time":"2024-01-24T14:11:56Z","timestamp":1706105516000},"page":"1-24","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Decision trees applied to injury severity in road accidents with only one victim \u2013 focus on vulnerable users"],"prefix":"10.1680","author":[{"given":"Hudson Carrer","family":"Pereira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, Research Centre for Territory, Transports and Environment (Citta), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Bastos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, Research Centre for Territory, Transports and Environment (Citta), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Alvaro","family":"Seco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, Research Centre for Territory, Transports and Environment (Citta), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Antunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Informatics Engineering, Centre for Informatics and Systems of the University of Coimbra (CISUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal"}]}],"member":"140","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Municipal Engineer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.icevirtuallibrary.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1680\/jmuen.23.00034","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T21:14:03Z","timestamp":1753391643000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emerald.com\/jmuen\/article\/177\/1\/38-49\/1234541"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]]},"references-count":0,"alternative-id":["10.1680\/jmuen.23.00034"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1680\/jmuen.23.00034","relation":{},"ISSN":["0965-0903","1751-7699"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0965-0903","type":"print"},{"value":"1751-7699","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]]}}}