{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T00:26:22Z","timestamp":1789172782273,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"12","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["K23DK133729"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23DK133729"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JASN"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Transplantation using kidneys from deceased donors with marginal clinical characteristics is increasing to maximize access to transplant. Preimplantation biopsies of such kidneys are often obtained to determine the degree of chronic changes as an objective supplement to donor clinical-based assessment of organ quality, particularly in the United States. There is conflicting evidence and heterogenous practice about how preimplantation biopsies should be performed, interpreted, and incorporated into organ disposition decisions. In 2022, the Banff Foundation for Allograft Pathology tasked its Time-Zero Biopsy Working Group with reviewing existing literature on preimplantation biopsies to prepare consensus recommendations on situations in which these biopsies should be performed and suggest best practices for improving reproducibility of biopsy readings. This workgroup report tabulates the Working Group's recommendations and identifies gaps that need to be filled to advance preimplantation biopsy clinical practice in donor selection. The major recommendations are that a preimplantation biopsy should be performed only when clinical assessment tools indicate that the kidney is unsuitable for utilization, that the clinical and preimplantation biopsy findings should be interpreted together for organ utilization decisions, and that digital whole slide images be promoted to facilitate setting up reporting networks of nephropathologists. Additional prospective studies using predictive modeling approaches are needed to optimize preimplantation biopsy criteria, sampling, interpretation, and incorporation into kidney allocation decisions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1681\/asn.0000000820","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,14]],"date-time":"2025-07-14T16:00:57Z","timestamp":1752508857000},"page":"2505-2513","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Preimplantation Histopathologic Assessment of Deceased Donor Kidneys"],"prefix":"10.1681","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1823-0117","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Syed Ali","family":"Husain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9800-6811","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Desley","family":"Neil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7586-9136","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adnan","family":"Sharif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5625-0792","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maarten","family":"Naesens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7523-3437","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Parmjeet","family":"Randhawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, The Thomas E Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"on behalf of the Banff Time-Zero Biopsies Working Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"B1-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1859","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2004121092","article-title":"Impact of cadaveric renal transplantation on survival in patients listed for transplantation","volume":"16","author":"Oniscu","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"issue":"21","key":"B2-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2726","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.294.21.2726","article-title":"Deceased-donor characteristics and the survival benefit of kidney transplantation","volume":"294","author":"Merion","year":"2005","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"issue":"23","key":"B3-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1725","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199912023412303","article-title":"Comparison of mortality in all patients on dialysis, patients on dialysis awaiting transplantation, and recipients of a first cadaveric transplant","volume":"341","author":"Wolfe","year":"1999","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"B4-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V115917","article-title":"Comparison of mortality risk for dialysis patients and cadaveric first renal transplant recipients in Ontario, Canada","volume":"11","author":"Rabbat","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"issue":"5","key":"B5-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.14702","article-title":"An economic assessment of contemporary kidney transplant practice","volume":"18","author":"Axelrod","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Transplant."},{"issue":"4","key":"B6-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e047263","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-047263","article-title":"Changes in quality of life (QoL) and other patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in living-donor and deceased-donor kidney transplant recipients and those awaiting transplantation in the UK ATTOM programme: a longitudinal cohort questionnaire survey with additional qualitative interviews","volume":"11","author":"Gibbons","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Open."},{"issue":"3","key":"B7-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0b013e31829853eb","article-title":"Health-related quality of life after solid organ transplantation: a prospective, multiorgan cohort study","volume":"96","author":"Kugler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Transplant."},{"issue":"12","key":"B8-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1736","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-200012270-00013","article-title":"Impact of transplantation on quality of life in patients with diabetes and renal dysfunction","volume":"70","author":"Gross","year":"2000","journal-title":"Transplant."},{"issue":"8","key":"B9-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2241","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.15325","article-title":"Variation in use of procurement biopsies and its implications for discard of deceased donor kidneys recovered for transplantation","volume":"19","author":"Lentine","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Transplant."},{"issue":"9","key":"B10-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e14411","DOI":"10.1111\/ctr.14411","article-title":"Variations in deceased donor kidney procurement biopsy practice patterns: a survey of U.S. organ procurement organizations","volume":"35","author":"Emmons","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Transplant."},{"issue":"6","key":"B11-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2022.03.021","article-title":"Deceased donor procurement biopsy practices, interpretation, and histology-based decision-making: a survey of US kidney transplant centers","volume":"7","author":"Lentine","year":"2022","journal-title":"Kidney Int Rep."},{"issue":"3","key":"B13-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0249000","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0249000","article-title":"Impact of deceased donor with acute kidney injury on subsequent kidney transplant outcomes-an ANZDATA registry analysis","volume":"16","author":"Pei","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"issue":"8","key":"B14-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1914","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.14694","article-title":"Kidney transplant graft outcomes in 379 257 recipients on 3 continents","volume":"18","author":"Merion","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Transplant."},{"issue":"4","key":"B15-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2008.02157.x","article-title":"Determinants of discard of expanded criteria donor kidneys: impact of biopsy and machine perfusion","volume":"8","author":"Sung","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Transplant."},{"issue":"3","key":"B16-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000001539","article-title":"Diagnosing the decades-long rise in the deceased donor kidney discard rate in the United States","volume":"101","author":"Stewart","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transplant."},{"issue":"5","key":"B17-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2023.02.1081","article-title":"Increasing discards as an unintended consequence of recent changes in United States kidney allocation policy","volume":"8","author":"Mohan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Kidney Int Rep."},{"issue":"3","key":"B18-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000005178","article-title":"Diagnosing the recent decrease in utilization of deceased donor kidneys","volume":"109","author":"Wood","year":"2025","journal-title":"Transplant."},{"issue":"1","key":"B19-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.34067\/KID.0000212019","article-title":"Can behavioral research improve transplant decision-making? A mock offer study on the role of biopsies","volume":"1","author":"Stewart","year":"2020","journal-title":"Kidney360."},{"key":"B20-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20543581231156855","DOI":"10.1177\/20543581231156855","article-title":"Disparities in deceased donor kidney offer acceptance: a survey of Canadian transplant nephrologists, general surgeons and urologists","volume":"10","author":"Vinson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Can J Kidney Health Dis."},{"issue":"12","key":"B22-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2141108","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.41108","article-title":"Association of transit time with cold ischemic time in kidney transplantation","volume":"4","author":"Placona","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open."},{"issue":"4","key":"B23-20260114","first-page":"e81728","article-title":"Pilot randomized trial exploring the impacts of deceased donor kidney procurement biopsies on organ evaluation and transplant outcomes","volume":"17","author":"Lentine","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cureus."},{"issue":"2","key":"B24-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.09170819","article-title":"Reproducibility of deceased donor kidney procurement biopsies","volume":"15","author":"Husain","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"issue":"11","key":"B25-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1708","DOI":"10.1097\/TXD.0000000000001708","article-title":"Measurement matters: a metrological approach to renal preimplantation biopsy evaluation to address uncertainty in organ selection","volume":"10","author":"Ayorinde","year":"2024","journal-title":"Transplant Direct."},{"issue":"11","key":"B26-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1598","DOI":"10.34067\/KID.0000000000000283","article-title":"Spatial heterogeneity of glomerular phenotypes affects kidney biopsy findings","volume":"4","author":"Schaub","year":"2023","journal-title":"Kidney360."},{"issue":"4","key":"B27-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2021.12.022","article-title":"Reproducibility of chronic changes on high-quality deceased donor kidney allograft biopsies","volume":"7","author":"Verduzco","year":"2022","journal-title":"Kidney Int Rep."},{"issue":"9","key":"B28-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1752","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000002791","article-title":"Role of preimplantation biopsies in kidney donors with acute kidney injury","volume":"103","author":"Randhawa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transplant."},{"issue":"11","key":"B29-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2384","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-200006150-00029","article-title":"Are wedge biopsies of cadaveric kidneys obtained at procurement reliable?","volume":"69","author":"Muruve","year":"2000","journal-title":"Transplant."},{"issue":"11","key":"B30-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1906","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2020.08.004","article-title":"Impact of deceased donor kidney procurement biopsy technique on histologic accuracy","volume":"5","author":"Husain","year":"2020","journal-title":"Kidney Int Rep."},{"issue":"8","key":"B31-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3241","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfs066","article-title":"The cutting (w)edge--comparative evaluation of renal baseline biopsies obtained by two different methods","volume":"27","author":"Bago-Horvath","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant."},{"issue":"1","key":"B32-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.13929","article-title":"Banff histopathological consensus criteria for preimplantation kidney biopsies","volume":"17","author":"Liapis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Transplant."},{"issue":"4","key":"B33-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.3109\/08860221003658241","article-title":"The prognostic value of frozen section preimplantation graft biopsy in the outcome of renal transplantation","volume":"32","author":"Goumenos","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ren Fail."},{"issue":"2","key":"B34-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1111\/tri.12709","article-title":"Pre-implantation analysis of kidney biopsies from expanded criteria donors: testing the accuracy of frozen section technique and the adequacy of their assessment by on-call pathologists","volume":"29","author":"Sagasta","year":"2016","journal-title":"Transpl Int."},{"issue":"11","key":"B35-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2316","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2008.02370.x","article-title":"The Maryland aggregate pathology index: a deceased donor kidney biopsy scoring system for predicting graft failure","volume":"8","author":"Munivenkatappa","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Transplant."},{"issue":"8","key":"B36-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1506","DOI":"10.1111\/tri.13933","article-title":"A kidney discard decision strategy based on zero-time histology analysis could lead to an unjustified increase in the organ turndown rate among ECD","volume":"34","author":"Luque","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transpl Int."},{"issue":"11","key":"B37-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1913","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2012111081","article-title":"The predictive value of kidney allograft baseline biopsies for long-term graft survival","volume":"24","author":"De Vusser","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"issue":"10","key":"B38-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2017.11.004","article-title":"Evaluation of frozen and paraffin sections using the Maryland aggregate pathology index score in donor kidney biopsy specimens of a Brazilian cohort","volume":"49","author":"Teixeira","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transplant Proc."},{"issue":"2","key":"B39-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2020.09.010","article-title":"Procurement biopsies can predict unfavorable outcomes in kidneys with low MAPI score values","volume":"53","author":"Teixeira","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transplant Proc."},{"issue":"2","key":"B40-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.5858\/arpa.2020-0675-OA","article-title":"Correlation of chronic histologic changes on preimplantation frozen section biopsy with transplant outcomes after deceased donor kidney transplantation","volume":"146","author":"Ninan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med."},{"issue":"10","key":"B41-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-200105270-00001","article-title":"Role of donor kidney biopsies in renal transplantation","volume":"71","author":"Randhawa","year":"2001","journal-title":"Transplant."},{"issue":"5","key":"B42-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2013.461","article-title":"The reproducibility and predictive value on outcome of renal biopsies from expanded criteria donors","volume":"85","author":"Azancot","year":"2014","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"issue":"1","key":"B43-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1007\/s40620-019-00638-7","article-title":"Pre-implantation kidney biopsy: value of the expertise in determining histological score and comparison with the whole organ on a series of discarded kidneys","volume":"33","author":"Girolami","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Nephrol."},{"issue":"4","key":"B44-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199508270-00006","article-title":"Glomerulosclerosis as a determinant of posttransplant function of older donor renal allografts","volume":"60","author":"Gaber","year":"1995","journal-title":"Transplant."},{"issue":"1","key":"B46-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2016020154","article-title":"The substantial loss of nephrons in healthy human kidneys with aging","volume":"28","author":"Denic","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"issue":"24","key":"B47-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2349","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1614329","article-title":"Single-nephron glomerular filtration rate in healthy adults","volume":"376","author":"Denic","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"B48-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2023.04.028","article-title":"Age-related changes in nephrosclerosis in a multiethnic living kidney donor cohort","volume":"104","author":"Emmons","year":"2023","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"issue":"9","key":"B49-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-152-9-201005040-00006","article-title":"The association between age and nephrosclerosis on renal biopsy among healthy adults","volume":"152","author":"Rule","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med."},{"issue":"8","key":"B50-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2019020183","article-title":"Glomerular volume and glomerulosclerosis at different depths within the human kidney","volume":"30","author":"Denic","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"issue":"7","key":"B51-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1960","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2017121305","article-title":"Clinical and pathology findings associate consistently with larger glomerular volume","volume":"29","author":"Denic","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"issue":"2","key":"B52-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"sfad226","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfad226","article-title":"Morphometric analysis of chronicity on kidney biopsy: a useful prognostic exercise","volume":"17","author":"Asghar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Kidney J."},{"issue":"8","key":"B53-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1850","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2022.05.027","article-title":"The independent effects of procurement biopsy findings on 10-year outcomes of extended criteria donor kidney transplants","volume":"7","author":"Stewart","year":"2022","journal-title":"Kidney Int Rep."},{"issue":"12","key":"B54-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2842","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.17167","article-title":"Influence of organ quality on the observed association between deceased donor kidney procurement biopsy findings and graft survival","volume":"22","author":"Husain","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Transplant."},{"issue":"2","key":"B55-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2020040464","article-title":"Assessment of the utility of kidney histology as a basis for discarding organs in the United States: a comparison of international transplant practices and outcomes","volume":"32","author":"Reese","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"issue":"4","key":"B56-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa052891","article-title":"Long-term outcome of renal transplantation from older donors","volume":"354","author":"Remuzzi","year":"2006","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"issue":"10","key":"B57-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2060","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-200005270-00015","article-title":"Double versus single renal allografts from aged donors","volume":"69","author":"Andres","year":"2000","journal-title":"Transplant."},{"issue":"10","key":"B58-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2781","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2012.04153.x","article-title":"Long-term results of biopsy-guided selection and allocation of kidneys from older donors in older recipients","volume":"12","author":"Fernandez-Lorente","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Transplant."},{"issue":"3","key":"B59-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.13009","article-title":"Baseline donor chronic renal injury confers the same transplant survival disadvantage for DCD and DBD kidneys","volume":"15","author":"Kosmoliaptsis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Transplant."},{"issue":"4","key":"B60-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1097\/01.tp.0000437428.12356.4a","article-title":"Pre-implant biopsy predicts outcome of single-kidney transplantation independent of clinical donor variables","volume":"97","author":"Hofer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transplant."},{"issue":"5","key":"B61-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1111\/tri.13398","article-title":"Chronic histological changes in deceased donor kidneys at implantation do not predict graft survival: a single-centre retrospective analysis","volume":"32","author":"Phillips","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transpl Int."},{"issue":"1","key":"B62-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-44595-z","article-title":"A machine learning-driven virtual biopsy system for kidney transplant patients","volume":"15","author":"Yoo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Commun."},{"issue":"1","key":"B63-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10324","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-53703-6","article-title":"Reply to: machine learning-driven virtual biopsy system May increase organ discards at aggressive kidney transplant centers","volume":"15","author":"Raynaud","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Commun."},{"issue":"1","key":"B64-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10323","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-53702-7","article-title":"Machine learning-driven virtual biopsy system May increase organ discards at aggressive kidney transplant centers","volume":"15","author":"Giorgakis","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Commun."},{"issue":"3","key":"B65-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1097\/MNH.0000000000001064","article-title":"Challenges in standardizing preimplantation kidney biopsy assessments and the potential of AI-driven solutions","volume":"34","author":"Wellekens","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens."},{"issue":"6","key":"B66-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1111\/his.14304","article-title":"Artificial intelligence and algorithmic computational pathology: an introduction with renal allograft examples","volume":"78","author":"Farris","year":"2021","journal-title":"Histopathology."},{"issue":"3","key":"B67-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1097\/MNH.0000000000000784","article-title":"The potential of artificial intelligence-based applications in kidney pathology","volume":"31","author":"Bullow","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens."},{"issue":"6","key":"B68-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3906","DOI":"10.1109\/JBHI.2024.3381047","article-title":"MSMTSeg: multi-stained multi-tissue segmentation of kidney histology images via generative self-supervised meta-learning framework","volume":"29","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"IEEE J Biomed Health Inform."},{"issue":"12","key":"B69-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2718","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2018.2851150","article-title":"Deep learning global glomerulosclerosis in transplant kidney frozen sections","volume":"37","author":"Marsh","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Med Imaging."},{"issue":"6","key":"B70-20260114","first-page":"067501","article-title":"Deep learning segmentation of glomeruli on kidney donor frozen sections","volume":"8","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Med Imaging (Bellingham)."},{"issue":"3","key":"B71-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.0000000000000078","article-title":"Bias in artificial intelligence: basic primer","volume":"18","author":"Park","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"key":"B72-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2024.04.006","article-title":"Reproducibility and prognostic ability of chronicity parameters in kidney biopsy \u2013 comprehensive evaluation comparing microscopy and artificial intelligence in digital pathology","volume":"146","author":"Nachiappa Ganesh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Hum Pathol."},{"issue":"10","key":"B74-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2696","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.14379","article-title":"New insights into the alleged kidney donor profile index labeling effect on kidney utilization","volume":"17","author":"Stewart","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Transplant."},{"issue":"1","key":"B75-20260114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/13.1.165","article-title":"On the influence of sample size on the prognostic accuracy and reproducibility of renal transplant biopsy","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant."}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Society of Nephrology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.1681\/ASN.0000000820","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T19:56:38Z","timestamp":1786132598000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.1681\/ASN.0000000820"}},"subtitle":["Recommendations from the Banff Time-Zero Biopsy Working Group"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,14]]},"references-count":71,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1681\/asn.0000000820","relation":{},"ISSN":["1046-6673","1533-3450"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1046-6673","type":"print"},{"value":"1533-3450","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,14]]}}}