{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T12:23:59Z","timestamp":1787747039478,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772496000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006545","name":"National Institute of minority health and health disparities","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["5R01MD016401"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5R01MD016401"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006545","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006512","name":"Duke School of Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["research voucher"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["research voucher"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006512","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JASN"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"\n Key Points<\/jats:title>\n \n \n \n Community engagement achieved high apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1)\u2013mediated kidney disease screening rates but low yield of trial-eligible participants.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n \n Electronic health record and health care professional referrals identified more participants with\n APOL1<\/jats:italic>\n high-risk genotype and significant albuminuria.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n Hybrid community\u2013electronic health record recruitment may improve equity and efficiency in APOL1-mediated kidney disease trial enrollment.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n <\/jats:list>\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n Black individuals bear a disproportionate burden of kidney diseases, including genetically mediated risk related to\n apolipoprotein L1<\/jats:italic>\n (\n APOL1<\/jats:italic>\n ) gene variants. Awareness of APOL1-mediated kidney disease (AMKD) and participation in therapeutic trials remain low. Whether different engagement strategies can raise awareness and identify trial-eligible individuals is uncertain. The Community APOL1 Research Engagement (CARE) study aimed to increase AMKD awareness through culturally tailored education and screening while building a clinical trial\u2013eligible registry, CARE Registry, to support a phase 2 baricitinib trial for AMKD in the Janus kinase-Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription Inhibition to Reduce APOL1-Associated Kidney Disease.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n The CARE study was conducted from May 2022 to July 2025 across community and clinical settings in multiple US regions, in partnership with churches with predominantly Black attendees. Black adults aged 18\u201370 years without diabetes or dialysis dependence underwent\n APOL1<\/jats:italic>\n genotyping and kidney disease screening. Recruitment occurred\n via<\/jats:italic>\n community events, electronic health record (EHR) queries, physician referrals, and self-referrals. The primary outcome was eligibility for the CARE Registry, defined by\n APOL1<\/jats:italic>\n high-risk genotype, urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio \u2265300 mg\/g, and eGFR \u226525 ml\/min per 1.73 m\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Of 1052 individuals approached, 789 (75%) consented to screening. Overall, 128 (17%) carried\n APOL1<\/jats:italic>\n high-risk genotypes. Community events accounted for most enrollments (83%) but yielded low rates of registry-eligible albuminuria (1%). By contrast, EHR queries and physician referrals identified higher proportions of participants with\n APOL1<\/jats:italic>\n high-risk genotypes and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio \u2265300 mg\/g. Twenty-four participants met CARE Registry criteria, and seven enrolled in the Janus kinase-Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription Inhibition to Reduce APOL1-Associated Kidney Disease trial. Refusal was 4% and attrition was 2%.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Community engagement achieved high participation and awareness but was less efficient for identifying trial-eligible individuals than EHR- and health care professional\u2013based approaches.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Clinical Trial registry name and registration number:<\/jats:title>\n ClinicalTrial.gov, NCT05237388.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1681\/asn.0000001062","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T17:07:40Z","timestamp":1772557660000},"page":"1720-1732","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Hybrid Community\u2013Electronic Health Record Approaches to Apolipoprotein L1 Kidney Disease Screening and Clinical Trials among Black Individuals"],"prefix":"10.1681","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Nadine","family":"Barrett","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Population Health Sciences, Department of Social Science and Health Policy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina"},{"name":"Atrium Health\/Wake Forest Comprehensive Cancer Center, Maya Angelo Center for Health Equity, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Wake Forest, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4750-9747","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joab O.","family":"Odera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina"},{"name":"Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina"},{"name":"Duke Aging Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenisha","family":"Bethea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0903-2726","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maurice","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina"},{"name":"Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Azita","family":"Sadeghpour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke Precision Medicine Program, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6657-1534","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leshon","family":"Matthews","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina"},{"name":"Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1879-3144","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anika","family":"Lucas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald L.","family":"Godbee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The River Church, Durham, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Orlando","family":"Dowdy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"African American Methodist Episcopal Zion Church, Sanford, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leroy","family":"Miles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Enon Tabernacle Baptist Church, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0886-7605","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Opeyemi A.","family":"Olabisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina"},{"name":"Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"on behalf of the CARE Community 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