{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T20:08:00Z","timestamp":1786133280186,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","funder":[{"name":"National Institute of Health","award":["the Collaborative Genome Program for Fostering New Post-Genome Industry (3000\u20133031b) and the Korean Genome Analysis Project (6637-301)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["the Collaborative Genome Program for Fostering New Post-Genome Industry (3000\u20133031b) and the Korean Genome Analysis Project (6637-301)"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of Health","award":["2014-ER6301-00, 2014-ER6301-01, 2014-ER6301-02, 2017-ER6301-00, 2017-ER6301-01, 2017-ER6301-02, 2020-ER7201-00, 2020-ER7201-01, 2020-ER7201-02, 2023-ER0805-00, 2023-ER0805-01, and 2023-ER0805-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014-ER6301-00, 2014-ER6301-01, 2014-ER6301-02, 2017-ER6301-00, 2017-ER6301-01, 2017-ER6301-02, 2020-ER7201-00, 2020-ER7201-01, 2020-ER7201-02, 2023-ER0805-00, 2023-ER0805-01, and 2023-ER0805-02"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of Health","award":["2019-NG-054-02 and 2022-NI-065-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019-NG-054-02 and 2022-NI-065-01"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JASN"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key Points<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Genome-wide association study identified multiple genetic loci associated with kidney failure and its subtypes in Korean cohorts.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Multiple polygenic risk scores improved the prediction of kidney failure beyond basic available clinical factors.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Genetic architecture of kidney failure differed from that of CKD driven mainly by kidney function traits.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Kidney failure represents the final, irreversible stage of CKD, yet its genetic architecture remains incompletely defined compared with CKD. Although previous studies largely focused on kidney function traits, the genetic determinants of kidney failure itself and its etiologic subtypes are poorly understood. Therefore, this study aimed to identify genetic loci associated with kidney failure and its subtypes and to evaluate the predictive performance of multiple polygenic risk scores (multi-PRSs) for stratifying kidney failure risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed a large-scale genome-wide association study using a dataset of 2355 patients with kidney failure across three subtypes defined by primary disease, along with 152,131 controls. Polygenic risk scores for type 2 diabetes, hypertension, eGFR, and CKD were calculated, and a multi-PRS model was derived.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The genome-wide association study identified multiple kidney failure\u2013associated loci, including\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">HLA-DRB1<\/jats:italic>\n                      for all kidney failure and glomerulonephritis as the primary disease, and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">COL24A1<\/jats:italic>\n                      for hypertensive kidney failure at genome-wide significance (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 5\u00d710\n                      <jats:sup>\u22128<\/jats:sup>\n                      ), implicating distinct immune- and hypertension-related pathways in kidney failure pathogenesis. Polygenic risk score analysis revealed that genetically distinct components of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, CKD, and eGFR were significantly linked to kidney failure risk across subtypes (odds ratio=1.1\u20132.5). A combined multi-PRS model demonstrated superior predictive performance (odds ratio=1.5\u20132.5). Comparison with CKD cohorts, predominantly influenced by eGFR-related genetics, uncovered unique kidney failure\u2013specific genetic signatures, highlighting kidney failure as a genetically heterogeneous and multifactorial disease beyond CKD.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study identified subtype-specific genetic loci and demonstrated that multi-PRS models improve kidney failure risk prediction beyond basic available clinical factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1681\/asn.0000001168","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T23:00:11Z","timestamp":1781650811000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Genetic Landscape of Kidney Failure in a Korean Transplant Cohort"],"prefix":"10.1681","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3264-8525","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hee Jung","family":"Jeon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8744-0487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hye-Mi","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-9139-0393","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi Seul","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-9854-3255","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sung Min","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3562-2654","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bong-Jo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6305-452X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyung Woo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0301-7644","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jong Cheol","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2758-1362","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seokwoo","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9710-9253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Borae G.","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea Organ Donation Agency Laboratory, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8975-8381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Myoung Soo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Transplantation Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6698-7368","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyun-Young","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4132-4437","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Young Jin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5378-7797","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaeseok","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"on behalf of the Korean Organ Transplantation Registry (KOTRY) Study Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"B1-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kisu.2021.11.003","article-title":"Epidemiology of chronic kidney disease: an update 2022","volume":"12","author":"Kovesdy","year":"2022","journal-title":"Kidney Int Suppl (2011)."},{"issue":"4 suppl 1","key":"B2-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A7","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2021.01.002","article-title":"US renal data system 2020 annual data report: epidemiology of kidney disease in the United States","volume":"77","author":"Johansen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis."},{"issue":"7","key":"B3-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra2308577","article-title":"Genetics of chronic kidney disease","volume":"391","author":"Vivante","year":"2024","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"B4-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2022.03.019","article-title":"Genetics in chronic kidney disease: conclusions from a Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Controversies Conference","volume":"101","author":"K\u00f6ttgen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"issue":"6","key":"B5-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-019-0407-x","article-title":"A catalog of genetic loci associated with kidney function from analyses of a million individuals","volume":"51","author":"Wuttke","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Genet."},{"issue":"3","key":"B6-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2022.05.021","article-title":"Genetic loci and prioritization of genes for kidney function decline derived from a meta-analysis of 62 longitudinal genome-wide association studies","volume":"102","author":"Gorski","year":"2022","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"issue":"7","key":"B7-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1412","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-022-01869-1","article-title":"Genome-wide polygenic score to predict chronic kidney disease across ancestries","volume":"28","author":"Khan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"B8-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2023.03.017","article-title":"Association of polygenic scores with chronic kidney disease phenotypes in a longitudinal study of older adults","volume":"103","author":"Bakshi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"issue":"2","key":"B9-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-02796-z","article-title":"Selection, optimization and validation of ten chronic disease polygenic risk scores for clinical implementation in diverse US populations","volume":"30","author":"Lennon","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"B10-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.09340819","article-title":"The genetic architecture of kidney disease","volume":"15","author":"Pollak","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"issue":"12","key":"B11-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-018-0067-6","article-title":"Genome-wide polygenic risk predictors for kidney disease","volume":"14","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol."},{"issue":"4","key":"B12-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.05.002","article-title":"Genetics, genomics, and precision medicine in end-stage kidney disease","volume":"38","author":"Kopp","year":"2018","journal-title":"Semin Nephrol."},{"issue":"8","key":"B13-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e191","DOI":"10.1097\/TXD.0000000000000678","article-title":"Design and methods of the Korean organ transplantation registry","volume":"3","author":"Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transplant Direct."},{"issue":"4","key":"B14-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.23876\/j.krcp.21.185","article-title":"The Korean organ transplantation registry (KOTRY): an overview and summary of the kidney-transplant cohort","volume":"41","author":"Jeon","year":"2022","journal-title":"Kidney Res Clin Pract."},{"issue":"1","key":"B15-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1382","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-37832-9","article-title":"The Korea biobank array: design and identification of coding variants associated with blood biochemical traits","volume":"9","author":"Moon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"issue":"1","key":"B16-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6642","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-34163-2","article-title":"The contribution of common and rare genetic variants to variation in metabolic traits in 288,137 East Asians","volume":"13","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Commun."},{"issue":"4","key":"B17-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1350","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyx105","article-title":"Cohort profile: the Korean genome and epidemiology study (KoGES) consortium","volume":"46","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol."},{"key":"B18-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1008646","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2022.1008646","article-title":"Analyzing the Korean reference genome with meta-imputation increased the imputation accuracy and spectrum of rare variants in the Korean population","volume":"13","author":"Hwang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Genet."},{"issue":"12","key":"B19-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2008","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.06.2121","article-title":"Development of an MHC imputation panel highlights independent contributions of HLA amino acid residues and C4 copy number variations to SLE risk","volume":"84","author":"Yu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis."},{"issue":"3","key":"B20-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3211","article-title":"LD score regression distinguishes confounding from polygenicity in genome-wide association studies","volume":"47","author":"Bulik-Sullivan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Genet."},{"issue":"7","key":"B21-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-021-00870-7","article-title":"Computationally efficient whole-genome regression for quantitative and binary traits","volume":"53","author":"Mbatchou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Genet."},{"issue":"1","key":"B22-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-02317-2","article-title":"Causal associations between risk factors and common diseases inferred from GWAS summary data","volume":"9","author":"Zhu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Commun."},{"issue":"18","key":"B23-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2336","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btq419","article-title":"LocusZoom: regional visualization of genome-wide association scan results","volume":"26","author":"Pruim","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bioinformatics."},{"issue":"5","key":"B24-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1111\/rssb.12388","article-title":"A simple new approach to variable selection in regression, with application to genetic fine mapping","volume":"82","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J R Stat Soc Series B Stat Methodol."},{"issue":"3","key":"B25-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-018-0047-6","article-title":"Genetic analysis of quantitative traits in the Japanese population links cell types to complex human diseases","volume":"50","author":"Kanai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Genet."},{"issue":"1","key":"B26-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3842","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-11704-w","article-title":"Mapping eGFR loci to the renal transcriptome and phenome in the VA Million Veteran Program","volume":"10","author":"Hellwege","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Commun."},{"issue":"10","key":"B27-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1415","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-021-00931-x","article-title":"A cross-population atlas of genetic associations for 220 human phenotypes","volume":"53","author":"Sakaue","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Genet."},{"issue":"6706","key":"B28-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eadj1182","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adj1182","article-title":"Diversity and scale: genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program","volume":"385","author":"Verma","year":"2024","journal-title":"Science."},{"issue":"7811","key":"B29-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2263-3","article-title":"Identification of type 2 diabetes loci in 433,540 East Asian individuals","volume":"582","author":"Spracklen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature."},{"issue":"7","key":"B30-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-023-01422-x","article-title":"Genome-wide association analyses define pathogenic signaling pathways and prioritize drug targets for IgA nephropathy","volume":"55","author":"Kiryluk","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Genet."},{"issue":"5","key":"B31-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2020.05.029","article-title":"Common risk variants in NPHS1 and TNFSF15 are associated with childhood steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome","volume":"98","author":"Jia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"issue":"1","key":"B32-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1600","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-15383-w","article-title":"The genetic architecture of membranous nephropathy and its potential to improve non-invasive diagnosis","volume":"11","author":"Xie","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Commun."},{"issue":"5","key":"B33-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.3904\/kjim.2020.195","article-title":"Current findings of kidney biopsy including nephropathy associated with hypertension and diabetes mellitus in Korea","volume":"35","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Korean J Intern Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"B34-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.3343\/alm.2022.42.1.54","article-title":"Association of HLA-DRB1 and -DQB1 alleles with susceptibility to IgA nephropathy in Korean patients","volume":"42","author":"In","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Lab Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"B35-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.14031119","article-title":"GWAS-based discoveries in IgA nephropathy, membranous nephropathy, and steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome","volume":"16","author":"Sanchez-Rodriguez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"issue":"9","key":"B36-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0238878","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0238878","article-title":"Revisiting the association between human leukocyte antigen and end-stage renal disease","volume":"15","author":"Noureen","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"issue":"6","key":"B37-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e90869","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0090869","article-title":"HLA polymorphism and susceptibility to end-stage renal disease in Cantonese patients awaiting kidney transplantation","volume":"9","author":"Cao","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"key":"B38-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-015-0165-7","article-title":"Association between human leucocyte antigen subtypes and risk of end stage renal disease in Taiwanese: a retrospective study","volume":"16","author":"Dai","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol."},{"issue":"17","key":"B39-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13383","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241713383","article-title":"Association between human leukocyte antigen and end-stage renal disease in patients from Transylvania, Romania","volume":"24","author":"Iancu Loga","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"B40-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-024-03798-2","article-title":"Multi-scalar data integration decoding risk genes for chronic kidney disease","volume":"25","author":"Ding","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol."},{"issue":"2","key":"B41-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2022.11.013","article-title":"A polygenic score for reduced kidney function and adverse outcomes in a cohort with chronic kidney disease","volume":"103","author":"Steinbrenner","year":"2023","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"issue":"2","key":"B42-20260806","first-page":"100177","article-title":"Polygenic risk scores and kidney traits in the Hispanic\/Latino population: the Hispanic Community Health Study\/Study of Latinos","volume":"4","author":"Zhou","year":"2023","journal-title":"HGG Adv."},{"issue":"11","key":"B43-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1643","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.00020120","article-title":"Genome-wide association studies of CKD and related traits","volume":"15","author":"Tin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"issue":"5","key":"B44-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgad704","article-title":"Genetic risk scores identify people at high risk of developing diabetic kidney disease: a systematic review","volume":"109","author":"Ali","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"7","key":"B45-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1414","DOI":"10.2337\/db17-0914","article-title":"A genome-wide association study of diabetic kidney disease in subjects with type 2 diabetes","volume":"67","author":"van Zuydam","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes."},{"issue":"5","key":"B46-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(18)30051-2","article-title":"Novel subgroups of adult-onset diabetes and their association with outcomes: a data-driven cluster analysis of six variables","volume":"6","author":"Ahlqvist","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol."},{"key":"B47-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148724","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2024.148724","article-title":"T2DM\/CKD genetic risk scores and the progression of diabetic kidney disease in T2DM subjects","volume":"927","author":"Galuska","year":"2024","journal-title":"Gene."},{"issue":"10","key":"B48-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3667","article-title":"The genetics of blood pressure regulation and its target organs from association studies in 342,415 individuals","volume":"48","author":"Ehret","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Genet."},{"issue":"9","key":"B49-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2012","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-021-05491-7","article-title":"Polygenic risk scores predict diabetes complications and their response to intensive blood pressure and glucose control","volume":"64","author":"Tremblay","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetologia."},{"issue":"9","key":"B50-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-018-0183-z","article-title":"Genome-wide polygenic scores for common diseases identify individuals with risk equivalent to monogenic mutations","volume":"50","author":"Khera","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Genet."},{"issue":"9","key":"B51-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1038\/s41576-018-0018-x","article-title":"The personal and clinical utility of polygenic risk scores","volume":"19","author":"Torkamani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Genet."},{"issue":"1","key":"B52-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19897","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-56400-3","article-title":"Genetic risk score for risk prediction of diabetic nephropathy in Han Chinese type 2 diabetes patients","volume":"9","author":"Liao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"issue":"9","key":"B53-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1002292","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1002292","article-title":"Association of eGFR-Related loci identified by GWAS with incident CKD and ESRD","volume":"7","author":"Boger","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Genet."},{"issue":"6","key":"B54-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.377","article-title":"Multiple loci associated with indices of renal function and chronic kidney disease","volume":"41","author":"Kottgen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Genet."},{"key":"B55-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886038","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2022.886038","article-title":"Analysis of chronic kidney disease patients by targeted next-generation sequencing identifies novel variants in kidney-related genes","volume":"13","author":"Alaamery","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Genet."},{"issue":"1","key":"B56-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6161","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-33377-8","article-title":"Metabolomics profiling distinctively identified end-stage renal disease patients from chronic kidney disease patients","volume":"13","author":"Dahabiyeh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"key":"B57-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101460","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2020.101460","article-title":"End-stage renal disease is different from chronic kidney disease in upregulating ROS-modulated proinflammatory secretome in PBMCs - a novel multiple-hit model for disease progression","volume":"34","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"issue":"2","key":"B58-20260806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.18202","article-title":"Multinational assessment of accuracy of equations for predicting risk of kidney failure: a meta-analysis","volume":"315","author":"Tangri","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA."}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Society of Nephrology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.1681\/ASN.0000001168","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T19:31:31Z","timestamp":1786131091000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.1681\/ASN.0000001168"}},"subtitle":["Genome-Wide Association and Multi-Polygenic Risk Score Analyses"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]]},"references-count":58,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1681\/asn.0000001168","relation":{},"ISSN":["1046-6673","1533-3450"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1046-6673","type":"print"},{"value":"1533-3450","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-12-11","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-12","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}