{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T22:56:09Z","timestamp":1793055369612,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","funder":[{"name":"Innovative Research Group Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["82570832"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82570832"]}]},{"name":"Innovative Research Group Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["U25A2035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U25A2035"]}]},{"name":"Innovative Research Group Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["82500850"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82500850"]}]},{"name":"National Major Science and Technology Projects of China","award":["2025ZD1803200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025ZD1803200"]}]},{"name":"Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province","award":["2025C02079"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025C02079"]}]},{"name":"Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province","award":["2026C02A1114"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2026C02A1114"]}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Outstanding Youth Science Foundation","award":["LR24H200001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LR24H200001"]}]},{"name":"Medical Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Province","award":["2025KY1415"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025KY1415"]}]},{"name":"Clinical and Translational Science Collaborative of Cleveland, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University","award":["ZDYN2024-A-098"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZDYN2024-A-098"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JASN"],"abstract":"\n Key Points<\/jats:title>\n \n \n \n A quantum dot microsphere\u2013based lateral flow immunoassay strip was developed for rapid qualitative detection of anti-nephrin autoantibodies within 10 minutes.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n The quantum dot microsphere\u2013based lateral flow immunoassay strip demonstrated good analytical performance, with an area under the curve of 0.90, resistance to the tested interferents, and stable detection performance.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n The quantum dot microsphere\u2013based lateral flow immunoassay strip achieved 92% overall percent agreement with immunoprecipitation\u2013western blotting and identified additional nephrin-specific positive samples not detected by immunoprecipitation\u2013western blotting.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n <\/jats:list>\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome is a common primary glomerular disease in children. Circulating anti-nephrin autoantibodies have emerged as clinically relevant biomarkers, but existing detection methods are complex and time consuming. We developed a quantum dot microsphere\u2013based lateral flow immunoassay strip (QD-LFIA) for rapid serum anti-nephrin autoantibody detection.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n Quantum dot microspheres were conjugated to recombinant human nephrin protein, and the reading time, test line coating concentration, and nephrin protein labeling amount were optimized. Analytical performance was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic analysis on the basis of test line\/control line ratios generated by the dry fluorescence immunoanalyzer, together with interference and accelerated stability testing. Clinical performance was assessed in 191 pediatric serum samples, with qualitative QD-LFIA results compared against immunoprecipitation\u2013western blotting (IP-WB). Discordant samples were evaluated by a recombinant nephrin protein inhibition assay. Clinical indices were compared between anti-nephrin autoantibody\u2013positive and \u2013negative patients.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n The optimized reaction time, test line coating concentration, and recombinant nephrin protein labeling amount were 10 minutes, 0.5 mg\/ml, and 92.4\n \u03bc<\/jats:italic>\n g, respectively. Receiver operating characteristic analysis yielded an area under the curve of 0.90 (95% confidence interval, 0.84 to 0.97), with 93% sensitivity and 92% specificity at a test line\/control line cutoff of 0.003. The QD-LFIA resisted the tested interferents and maintained stable performance for 40 days at 37\u00b0C. QD-LFIA achieved overall, positive, and negative percent agreements of 92%, 89%, and 93%, respectively, relative to IP-WB. Recombinant nephrin protein inhibition abolished the signals in all 12 QD-LFIA\u2013positive\/IP-WB\u2013negative samples. anti-nephrin autoantibody\u2013positive patients had higher 24-hour urinary protein excretion and lower serum albumin levels than negative patients.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n These findings suggest that the QD-LFIA enabled rapid detection of anti-nephrin autoantibodies in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. The QD-LFIA showed good agreement with IP-WB and identified additional anti-nephrin autoantibody\u2013positive samples undetected by IP-WB.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1681\/asn.0000001246","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T17:02:05Z","timestamp":1788886925000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Quantum Dot Microsphere\u2013Based Lateral Flow Immunoassay Strip for Rapid Detection of Anti-nephrin Autoantibodies in Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1681","author":[{"given":"Mingyu","family":"Lai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Clinical Medicine College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Department of Nephrology, National Clinical Research Center for Children and Adolescents' Health and Diseases, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Department of Nephrology, National Clinical Research Center for Children and Adolescents' Health and Diseases, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China"},{"name":"Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayi","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Department of Nephrology, National Clinical Research Center for Children and Adolescents' Health and Diseases, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China"},{"name":"Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tong","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joinstar Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baohua","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joinstar Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6076-3806","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianhua","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Clinical Medicine College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China"},{"name":"Department of Nephrology, National Clinical Research Center for Children and Adolescents' Health and Diseases, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Children and Adolescents' Health and Diseases, Children's Hospital, 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