{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:51:21Z","timestamp":1792788681886,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","funder":[{"name":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","award":["1 I01 RD001544"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1 I01 RD001544"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05rsv9s98","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","award":["1 U54 DK137307"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1 U54 DK137307"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00adh9b73","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","award":["2 I01 CX001326"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2 I01 CX001326"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05rsv9s98","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JASN"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Kidney injury associated with the tubulointerstitial disease that occurs in multiple myeloma is a multifactorial and potentially reversible process that centers on the monoclonal free light chain (FLC). FLCs promote kidney damage through mechanisms that include precipitation with uromodulin to initiate the formation of obstructing casts in the distal nephron and activation and injury to proximal tubule epithelium. These processes generate tubulointerstitial inflammatory and fibrotic pathways that lead to progressive kidney failure if not interrupted. Important predisposing factors include the physicochemical characteristics and the amount of the FLC present in the tubular nephron. Precipitating factors for the two lesions\u2014cast formation and proximal tubulopathy\u2014are also discussed. Current evidence shows that both pathomechanisms can occur independently or synergize to promote kidney failure. This narrative review integrates obstructive cast formation and proximal tubulopathy to consider a unified translational therapeutic approach for myeloma kidney to improve outcomes in this devastating complication of multiple myeloma.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1681\/asn.0000001249","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T16:01:43Z","timestamp":1786982503000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pathogenesis and Translational Perspectives in Myeloma-Associated Nephropathy"],"prefix":"10.1681","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2915-5714","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul W.","family":"Sanders","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine and Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; and Birmingham Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Birmingham, Alabama"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"B1-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.126.2.207","article-title":"The role of the kidney in the catabolism of Bence Jones proteins and immunoglobulin fragments","volume":"126","author":"Wochner","year":"1967","journal-title":"J Exp Med."},{"issue":"8","key":"B2-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2162","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI107023","article-title":"The renal handling of low molecular weight proteins. II. Disorders of serum protein catabolism in patients with tubular proteinuria, the nephrotic syndrome, or uremia","volume":"51","author":"Waldmann","year":"1972","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"issue":"1","key":"B3-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F82","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00091.2008","article-title":"Silencing megalin and cubilin genes inhibits myeloma light chain endocytosis and ameliorates toxicity in human renal proximal tubule epithelial cells","volume":"295","author":"Li","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"B4-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)86528-X","article-title":"Papers on chemical pathology: prefaced by the Gulstonian Lectures, read at the Royal College of Physicians, 1846","author":"Jones","year":"1847","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"8","key":"B5-20261005","first-page":"195","article-title":"A case of multiple myeloma","volume":"4","author":"Wright","year":"1900","journal-title":"J Boston Soc Med Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"B6-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(195603\/04)9:2<262::AID-CNCR2820090210>3.0.CO;2-B","article-title":"Multiple-myeloma proteins. III. The antigenic relationship of Bence Jones proteins to normal gammaglobulin and multiple-myeloma serum proteins","volume":"9","author":"Korngold","year":"1956","journal-title":"Cancer."},{"key":"B7-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.116.2.207","article-title":"The nature of Bence-Jones proteins: chemical similarities to polypeptide chains of myeloma globulins and normal g-globulins","volume":"116","author":"Edelman","year":"1962","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B8-20261005","first-page":"102","article-title":"New directions in renal morphology: a method, its results and its future","volume":"40","author":"Oliver","year":"1945","journal-title":"Harvey Lect."},{"issue":"2","key":"B9-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1981.122","article-title":"Pathophysiology of acute Bence-Jones protein nephrotoxicity in the rat","volume":"20","author":"Weiss","year":"1981","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"issue":"6","key":"B10-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2086","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI113830","article-title":"Differential nephrotoxicity of low molecular weight proteins including Bence Jones proteins in the perfused rat nephron in vivo","volume":"82","author":"Sanders","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"issue":"2","key":"B11-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI114474","article-title":"Mechanisms of intranephronal proteinaceous cast formation by low molecular weight proteins","volume":"85","author":"Sanders","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"issue":"2","key":"B12-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI115629","article-title":"Pathobiology of cast nephropathy from human Bence Jones proteins","volume":"89","author":"Sanders","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"issue":"6","key":"B13-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2975","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI116920","article-title":"Bence Jones proteins bind to a common peptide segment of Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein to promote heterotypic aggregation","volume":"92","author":"Huang","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"issue":"4","key":"B14-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119218","article-title":"Localization of a single binding site for immunoglobulin light chains on human Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein","volume":"99","author":"Huang","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"issue":"24","key":"B15-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e106807","DOI":"10.15252\/embj.2020106807","article-title":"Cryo-EM structure of native human uromodulin, a zona pellucida module polymer","volume":"39","author":"Stsiapanava","year":"2020","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"issue":"7","key":"B16-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.str.2025.04.011","article-title":"Structural basis of human uromodulin filament networks in uropathogen capture","volume":"33","author":"Chang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Structure."},{"issue":"5909","key":"B17-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1038\/302575a0","article-title":"Somatic generation of antibody diversity","volume":"302","author":"Tonegawa","year":"1983","journal-title":"Nature."},{"issue":"12","key":"B18-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2011.94","article-title":"The biology of immunoglobulin free light chains and kidney injury. Review","volume":"79","author":"Basnayake","year":"2011","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"issue":"2","key":"B19-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197601082940206","article-title":"Bence-Jones proteins and light chains of immunoglobulins (second of two parts)","volume":"294","author":"Solomon","year":"1976","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"B21-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.4065\/78.1.21","article-title":"Review of 1027 patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma","volume":"78","author":"Kyle","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc."},{"issue":"1","key":"B22-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdt483","article-title":"Significant improvement in the survival of patients with multiple myeloma presenting with severe renal impairment after the introduction of novel agents","volume":"25","author":"Dimopoulos","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Oncol."},{"issue":"17","key":"B23-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1889","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.158.17.1889","article-title":"Renal failure in multiple myeloma: presenting features and predictors of outcome in 94 patients from a single institution","volume":"158","author":"Blade","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"B24-20261005","first-page":"810","article-title":"Biochemical interaction of Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein with Ig light chains","volume":"73","author":"Huang","year":"1995","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"issue":"5","key":"B25-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1777","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI46490","article-title":"Mechanism and prevention of acute kidney injury from cast nephropathy in a rodent model","volume":"122","author":"Ying","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"issue":"1","key":"B26-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1985.8","article-title":"Effect of urinary pH and diatrizoate on Bence Jones protein nephrotoxicity in the rat","volume":"27","author":"Holland","year":"1985","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"issue":"10","key":"B27-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.5858\/arpa.2013-0493-OA","article-title":"Proximal tubulopathies associated with monoclonal light chains: the spectrum of clinicopathologic manifestations and molecular pathogenesis","volume":"138","author":"Herrera","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"B28-20261005","first-page":"F246","article-title":"Myeloma light chains are ligands for cubilin (gp280)","volume":"275","author":"Batuman","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Physiol."},{"issue":"20","key":"B29-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10930","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.20.10930","article-title":"Antibodies have the intrinsic capacity to destroy antigens","volume":"97","author":"Wentworth","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A."},{"issue":"5536","key":"B30-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1806","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1062722","article-title":"Antibody catalysis of the oxidation of water","volume":"293","author":"Wentworth","year":"2001","journal-title":"Science."},{"issue":"4","key":"B31-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2006111299","article-title":"Immunoglobulin light chains generate hydrogen peroxide","volume":"18","author":"Wang","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"issue":"7","key":"B32-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2792","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI125517","article-title":"Immunoglobulin light chains generate proinflammatory and profibrotic kidney injury","volume":"129","author":"Ying","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"issue":"1","key":"B33-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2011.09.017","article-title":"Pivotal role of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 in monoclonal free light chain-mediated apoptosis","volume":"180","author":"Ying","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Pathol."},{"issue":"2","key":"B34-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-03-1186","article-title":"Potential protective action of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP38) on in vitro and in vivo models of myeloma kidney injury","volume":"107","author":"Arimura","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood."},{"issue":"4","key":"B35-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-08-302505","article-title":"Immunoglobulin light chains activate NF-\u03baB in renal epithelial cells through a Src-dependent mechanism","volume":"117","author":"Ying","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood."},{"issue":"14","key":"B36-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e137191","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.137191","article-title":"Free light chains injure proximal tubule cells through the STAT1\/HMGB1\/TLR axis","volume":"5","author":"Upadhyay","year":"2020","journal-title":"JCI Insight."},{"issue":"4 Pt 2","key":"B37-20261005","first-page":"F521","article-title":"Receptor-mediated endocytosis of immunoglobulin light chains by renal proximal tubule cells","volume":"272","author":"Batuman","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Physiol."},{"issue":"6","key":"B38-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2010080857","article-title":"Early reduction of serum-free light chains associates with renal recovery in myeloma kidney","volume":"22","author":"Hutchison","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"issue":"21","key":"B39-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1833","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2019003807","article-title":"Clinicopathologic predictors of renal outcomes in light chain cast nephropathy: a multicenter retrospective study","volume":"135","author":"Royal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Blood."},{"issue":"10","key":"B40-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.2010.079236","article-title":"Differential progression of renal scarring and determinants of late renal recovery in sustained dialysis dependent acute kidney injury secondary to myeloma kidney","volume":"63","author":"Basnayake","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol."},{"issue":"3","key":"B41-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2020.11.010","article-title":"Management of acute kidney injury in symptomatic multiple myeloma","volume":"99","author":"Bridoux","year":"2021","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"issue":"3","key":"B42-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e296","DOI":"10.1038\/bcj.2015.20","article-title":"Improvement in renal function and its impact on survival in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma","volume":"5","author":"Gonsalves","year":"2015","journal-title":"Blood Cancer J."},{"issue":"5","key":"B43-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2014090876","article-title":"ESRD due to multiple myeloma in the United States, 2001-2010","volume":"27","author":"Reule","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"issue":"7","key":"B44-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1523","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.1075","article-title":"Renal impairment and use of nephrotoxic agents in patients with multiple myeloma in the clinical practice setting in the United States","volume":"6","author":"Qian","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"B45-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-018-0962-x","article-title":"Serum free light chain levels and renal function at diagnosis in patients with multiple myeloma","volume":"19","author":"Yadav","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol."},{"issue":"3","key":"B46-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1038\/s41408-020-0295-4","article-title":"Serum free light chain level at diagnosis in myeloma cast nephropathy-a multicentre study","volume":"10","author":"Yadav","year":"2020","journal-title":"Blood Cancer J."},{"issue":"7","key":"B47-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e293","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(23)00223-1","article-title":"Management of multiple myeloma-related renal impairment: recommendations from the International Myeloma Working Group","volume":"24","author":"Dimopoulos","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"issue":"4","key":"B48-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2014.333","article-title":"The use of immunoglobulin light chain assays in the diagnosis of paraprotein-related kidney disease","volume":"87","author":"Yadav","year":"2015","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"issue":"2","key":"B49-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1080\/10408363.2019.1670133","article-title":"Inter-assay variability in automated serum free light chain assays and their use in the clinical laboratory","volume":"57","author":"Caponi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci."},{"issue":"33","key":"B50-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4976","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2010.30.8791","article-title":"Renal impairment in patients with multiple myeloma: a consensus statement on behalf of the International Myeloma Working Group","volume":"28","author":"Dimopoulos","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol."},{"issue":"1","key":"B51-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2311600","DOI":"10.1080\/16078454.2024.2311600","article-title":"Renal outcome in multiple myeloma patients with cast nephropathy: a retrospective analysis of potential predictive values on clinical and renal outcome","volume":"29","author":"R\u00fcsing","year":"2024","journal-title":"Hematology."},{"issue":"6","key":"B58-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1386","DOI":"10.1080\/10428194.2020.1867725","article-title":"Renal insufficiency in multiple myeloma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of all randomized trials from 2005-2019","volume":"62","author":"Mohyuddin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Leuk Lymphoma."},{"issue":"36","key":"B52-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6086","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2009.22.2232","article-title":"VMP (Bortezomib, Melphalan, and Prednisone) is active and well tolerated in newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma with moderately impaired renal function, and results in reversal of renal impairment: cohort analysis of the phase III VISTA study","volume":"27","author":"Dimopoulos","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol."},{"issue":"4","key":"B53-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.3816\/CLM.2009.n.059","article-title":"Reversibility of renal impairment in patients with multiple myeloma treated with bortezomib-based regimens: identification of predictive factors","volume":"9","author":"Dimopoulos","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Lymphoma Myeloma."},{"issue":"10","key":"B54-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2010.04.024","article-title":"Reversibility of renal failure in newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma and the role of novel agents","volume":"34","author":"Roussou","year":"2010","journal-title":"Leuk Res."},{"issue":"30","key":"B55-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4635","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2010.28.1238","article-title":"Light chain-induced acute renal failure can be reversed by bortezomib-doxorubicin-dexamethasone in multiple myeloma: results of a phase II study","volume":"28","author":"Ludwig","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol."},{"issue":"2","key":"B56-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2012.182","article-title":"The role of novel agents on the reversibility of renal impairment in newly diagnosed symptomatic patients with multiple myeloma","volume":"27","author":"Dimopoulos","year":"2012","journal-title":"Leukemia."},{"issue":"1","key":"B57-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2013.087585","article-title":"Bortezomib before and after autologous stem cell transplantation overcomes the negative prognostic impact of renal impairment in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: a subgroup analysis from the HOVON-65\/GMMG-HD4 trial","volume":"99","author":"Scheid","year":"2014","journal-title":"Haematologica."},{"issue":"4","key":"B59-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e217","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(19)30014-6","article-title":"High cutoff versus high-flux haemodialysis for myeloma cast nephropathy in patients receiving bortezomib-based chemotherapy (EuLITE): a phase 2 randomised controlled trial","volume":"6","author":"Hutchison","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Haematol."},{"issue":"23","key":"B60-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2647","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.20.00298","article-title":"Randomized trial comparing double versus triple bortezomib-based regimen in patients with multiple myeloma and acute kidney injury due to cast nephropathy","volume":"38","author":"Bridoux","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol."},{"issue":"1","key":"B61-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1038\/s41408-023-00806-w","article-title":"Multiple myeloma with acute light chain cast nephropathy","volume":"13","author":"Leung","year":"2023","journal-title":"Blood Cancer J."},{"issue":"1","key":"B62-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1995.269","article-title":"Protease resistance and binding of Ig light chains in myeloma-associated tubulopathies","volume":"48","author":"Leboulleux","year":"1995","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"issue":"8","key":"B63-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2520","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-03-001164","article-title":"Dangerous small B-cell clones","volume":"108","author":"Merlini","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood."},{"issue":"9","key":"B64-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2016.6848","article-title":"Cardiac light chain amyloidosis: the role of metal ions in oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage","volume":"27","author":"Diomede","year":"2017","journal-title":"Antioxid Redox Signal."},{"issue":"7","key":"B65-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.24738","article-title":"Renal outcomes in patients with AL amyloidosis: prognostic factors, renal response and the impact of therapy","volume":"92","author":"Kastritis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Hematol."},{"issue":"5","key":"B66-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1472","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-019-0664-9","article-title":"Revisiting complete response in light chain amyloidosis","volume":"34","author":"Sidana","year":"2020","journal-title":"Leukemia."},{"issue":"7","key":"B67-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1986","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2024.03.033","article-title":"Renal response criteria for clinical trials in amyloid light chain amyloidosis","volume":"9","author":"Leung","year":"2024","journal-title":"Kidney Int Rep."},{"issue":"5","key":"B68-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ackd.2012.04.009","article-title":"The pathogenesis of acute kidney impairment in patients with multiple myeloma","volume":"19","author":"Batuman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Adv Chronic Kidney Dis."},{"issue":"12","key":"B69-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2288","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.02560316","article-title":"Paraprotein-related kidney disease: kidney injury from paraproteins-what determines the site of injury?","volume":"11","author":"Doshi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"issue":"11","key":"B70-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1777","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2012040388","article-title":"Mechanisms of light chain injury along the tubular nephron","volume":"23","author":"Sanders","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"issue":"5","key":"B71-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2021.02.026","article-title":"The proximal tubule toxicity of immunoglobulin light chains","volume":"6","author":"Sirac","year":"2021","journal-title":"Kidney Int Rep."},{"issue":"1","key":"B72-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2016.195","article-title":"Current anti-myeloma therapies in renal manifestations of monoclonal light chain-associated Fanconi syndrome: a retrospective series of 49 patients","volume":"31","author":"Vignon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Leukemia."},{"issue":"6428","key":"B73-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.288.6428.1411","article-title":"Analysis and management of renal failure in fourth MRC myelomatosis trial","volume":"288","year":"1984","journal-title":"Br Med J (Clin Res Ed)"},{"issue":"2","key":"B74-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-017-5023-5","article-title":"Iodine-based contrast media, multiple myeloma and monoclonal gammopathies: literature review and ESUR contrast media safety committee guidelines","volume":"28","author":"Stacul","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Radiol."},{"issue":"10","key":"B75-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2021.05.011","article-title":"Cellular antioxidant mechanisms control immunoglobulin light chain-mediated proximal tubule injury","volume":"171","author":"Ying","year":"2021","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"B76-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1002\/path.6284","article-title":"Megalin-related mechanism of hemolysis-induced acute kidney injury and the therapeutic strategy","volume":"263","author":"Goto","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Pathol."},{"issue":"10","key":"B77-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2579","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2020030263","article-title":"Cilastatin ameliorates rhabdomyolysis-induced AKI in mice","volume":"32","author":"Matsushita","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"issue":"1","key":"B78-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01090.2003","article-title":"Light chains are a ligand for megalin","volume":"98","author":"Klassen","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol."},{"issue":"13","key":"B79-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10801","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241310801","article-title":"Diagnostic and prognostic value of PACAP in multiple myeloma","volume":"24","author":"Toth","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci."},{"issue":"9","key":"B80-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/hvag085","article-title":"Urine immunoglobulin light chain fragments detected by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry","volume":"72","author":"Moonen","year":"2026","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"issue":"10","key":"B81-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2358","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2020.247015","article-title":"Multiple myeloma: the (r)evolution of current therapy and a glance into future","volume":"105","author":"Gulla","year":"2020","journal-title":"Haematologica."}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Society of Nephrology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.1681\/ASN.0000001249","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T16:00:37Z","timestamp":1791216037000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.1681\/ASN.0000001249"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]]},"references-count":80,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1681\/asn.0000001249","relation":{},"ISSN":["1046-6673","1533-3450"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1046-6673","type":"print"},{"value":"1533-3450","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]]}}}