{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T02:59:26Z","timestamp":1789786766642,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JASN"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"abstract":"\n African ancestry alleles may contribute to CKD among Hispanics\/Latinos, but whether associations differ by Hispanic\/Latino background remains unknown. We examined the association of CKD measures with African ancestry\u2013specific\n APOL1<\/jats:italic>\n alleles that were directly genotyped and sickle cell trait (hemoglobin subunit\n \u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n gene [\n HBB<\/jats:italic>\n ] variant) on the basis of imputation in 12,226 adult Hispanics\/Latinos grouped according to Caribbean or Mainland background. We also performed an unbiased genome-wide association scan of urine albumin-to-creatinine ratios. Overall, 41.4% of participants were male, 44.6% of participants had a Caribbean background, and the mean age of all participants was 46.1 years. The Caribbean background group, compared with the Mainland background group, had a higher frequency of two\n APOL1<\/jats:italic>\n alleles (1.0% versus 0.1%) and the\n HBB<\/jats:italic>\n variant (2.0% versus 0.7%). In the Caribbean background group, presence of\n APOL1<\/jats:italic>\n alleles (2 versus 0\/1 copies) or the\n HBB<\/jats:italic>\n variant (1 versus 0 copies) were significantly associated with albuminuria (odds ratio [OR], 3.2; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.7 to 6.1; and OR, 2.6; 95% CI, 1.8 to 3.8, respectively) and albuminuria and\/or eGFR<60 ml\/min per 1.73 m\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n (OR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.5 to 5.4; and OR, 2.4; 95% CI, 1.7 to 3.5, respectively). The urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio genome-wide association scan identified associations with the\n HBB<\/jats:italic>\n variant among all participants, with the strongest association in the Caribbean background group (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n =3.1\u00d710\n \u221210<\/jats:sup>\n versus\n P<\/jats:italic>\n =9.3\u00d710\n \u22123<\/jats:sup>\n for the Mainland background group). In conclusion, African-specific alleles associate with CKD in Hispanics\/Latinos, but allele frequency varies by Hispanic\/Latino background\/ancestry.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1681\/asn.2016030357","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,20]],"date-time":"2016-09-20T22:29:24Z","timestamp":1474410564000},"page":"915-922","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":72,"title":["African Ancestry\u2013Specific Alleles and Kidney Disease Risk in Hispanics\/Latinos"],"prefix":"10.1681","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Holly J.","family":"Kramer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences and Medicine, and"},{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrienne M.","family":"Stilp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cathy C.","family":"Laurie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex P.","family":"Reiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Division of Public Health Science, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Lash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, and"},{"name":"Institute for Minority Health Research, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martha L.","family":"Daviglus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Minority Health Research, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylvia E.","family":"Rosas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana C.","family":"Ricardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, and"},{"name":"Institute for Minority Health Research, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bamidele O.","family":"Tayo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences and Medicine, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael F.","family":"Flessner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen F.","family":"Kerr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Peralta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramon","family":"Durazo-Arvizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences and Medicine, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matt","family":"Conomos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy","family":"Thornton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jerome","family":"Rotter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences Los Angeles, Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-University of California at Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance, California;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kent D.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences Los Angeles, Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-University of California at Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance, California;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jainwen","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Collaborative Studies Coordinating Center, Department of Biostatistics, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Eckfeldt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Research and Diagnostics Laboratories, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Papanicolau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nora","family":"Franceschini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North 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