{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T17:58:40Z","timestamp":1790272720337,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JASN"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"abstract":"\n Significance Statement<\/jats:title>\n \n Dysregulation of vasopressin-induced water reabsorption in the renal collecting duct leads to diabetes insipidus, a congenital or acquired syndrome. Some forms of diabetes insipidus lack effective treatments to prevent the excessive loss of hypotonic urine that characterizes the condition. The authors previously identified the antimycotic drug fluconazole as a potential therapy, acting to modulate the effects of a water channel protein aquaportin-2 (AQP2). In this study, they show\n in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n and\n in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n that fluconazole induces a vasopressin-independent insertion of AQP2 into the plasma membrane of collecting duct principal cells, thereby lowering urinary output. Hence, fluconazole might have clinical utility in treating certain forms of diabetes insipidus\u2014such as hereditary X-linked nephrogenic diabetes insipidus\u2014in which the kidney responds inappropriately to vasopressin.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n Arginine-vasopressin (AVP) binding to vasopressin V2 receptors promotes redistribution of the water channel aquaporin-2 (AQP2) from intracellular vesicles into the plasma membrane of renal collecting duct principal cells. This pathway fine-tunes renal water reabsorption and urinary concentration, and its perturbation is associated with diabetes insipidus. Previously, we identified the antimycotic drug fluconazole as a potential modulator of AQP2 localization.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n We assessed the influence of fluconazole on AQP2 localization\n in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n and\n in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n as well as the drug's effects on AQP2 phosphorylation and RhoA (a small GTPase, which under resting conditions, maintains F-actin to block AQP2-bearing vesicles from reaching the plasma membrane). We also tested fluconazole's effects on water flow across epithelia of isolated mouse collecting ducts and on urine output in mice treated with tolvaptan, a VR2 blocker that causes a nephrogenic diabetes insipidus\u2013like excessive loss of hypotonic urine.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n Fluconazole increased plasma membrane localization of AQP2 in principal cells independent of AVP. It also led to an increased AQP2 abundance associated with alterations in phosphorylation status and ubiquitination as well as inhibition of RhoA. In isolated mouse collecting ducts, fluconazole increased transepithelial water reabsorption. In mice, fluconazole increased collecting duct AQP2 plasma membrane localization and reduced urinary output. Fluconazole also reduced urinary output in tolvaptan-treated mice.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n Fluconazole promotes collecting duct AQP2 plasma membrane localization in the absence of AVP. Therefore, it might have utility in treating forms of diabetes insipidus (\n e.g.<\/jats:italic>\n , X-linked nephrogenic diabetes insipidus) in which the kidney responds inappropriately to AVP.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1681\/asn.2018060668","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,15]],"date-time":"2019-04-15T16:09:33Z","timestamp":1555344573000},"page":"795-810","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Fluconazole Increases Osmotic Water Transport in Renal Collecting Duct through Effects on Aquaporin-2 Trafficking"],"prefix":"10.1681","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Tanja","family":"Vuki\u0107evi\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Delbr\u00fcck Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin, (MDC), Research area Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disease, Berlin, Germany;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Hinze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Delbr\u00fcck 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