{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T15:50:52Z","timestamp":1790178652840,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP16K0936"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP16K0936"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Japan Arteriosclerosis Prevention Fund"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JASN"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Significance Statement<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Podocyte depletion and low nephron number are associated with glomerulosclerosis and CKD. However, the relationship between podometrics and nephron number has not previously been reported. The authors estimated podometric parameters and nephron number in 30 Japanese kidney donors. Their podocyte density and number per glomerulus were similar to values reported for other racial groups, whereas they had fewer nonsclerotic nephrons compared with other races. Total podocyte number per kidney declined at a rate of 5.63 million podocytes per year, with 80% of podocyte loss resulting from glomerulosclerosis-associated glomerular loss, and the remainder occurring in healthy glomeruli. Hypertension was associated with lower podocyte density and larger podocyte volume, independent of age. These approaches could be of value in evaluating the kidney in health and disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Podocyte depletion, low nephron number, aging, and hypertension are associated with glomerulosclerosis and CKD. However, the relationship between podometrics and nephron number has not previously been examined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate podometrics and nephron number in healthy Japanese individuals, a population characterized by a relatively low nephron number, we immunostained single paraffin sections from 30 Japanese living-kidney donors (median age, 57 years) with podocyte-specific markers and analyzed images obtained with confocal microscopy. We used model-based stereology to estimate podometrics, and a combined enhanced\u2013computed tomography\/biopsy-specimen stereology method to estimate nephron number.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The median number of nonsclerotic nephrons per kidney was 659,000 (interquartile range [IQR], 564,000\u2013825,000). The median podocyte number and podocyte density were 518 (IQR, 428\u2013601) per tuft and 219 (IQR, 180\u2013253) per 10\n                      <jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03bc<\/jats:italic>\n                      m\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      , respectively; these values are similar to those previously reported for other races. Total podocyte number per kidney (obtained by multiplying the individual number of nonsclerotic glomeruli by podocyte number per glomerulus) was 376 million (IQR, 259\u2013449 million) and ranged 7.4-fold between donors. On average, these healthy kidneys lost 5.63 million podocytes per kidney per year, with most of this loss associated with glomerular loss resulting from global glomerulosclerosis, rather than podocyte loss from healthy glomeruli. Hypertension was associated with lower podocyte density and larger podocyte volume, independent of age.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Estimation of the number of nephrons, podocytes, and other podometric parameters in individual kidneys provides new insights into the relationships between these parameters, age, and hypertension in the kidney. This approach might be of considerable value in evaluating the kidney in health and disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1681\/asn.2020101486","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,24]],"date-time":"2021-02-24T11:20:23Z","timestamp":1614165623000},"page":"1187-1199","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Podometrics in Japanese Living Donor Kidneys: Associations with Nephron Number, Age, and Hypertension"],"prefix":"10.1681","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Kotaro","family":"Haruhara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia"},{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9525-2638","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takaya","family":"Sasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natasha","family":"de Zoysa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7150-6947","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yusuke","family":"Okabayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Go","family":"Kanzaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Izumi","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian S.","family":"Harper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash Micro Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor G.","family":"Puelles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia"},{"name":"III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akira","family":"Shimizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytic Human Pathology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luise A.","family":"Cullen-McEwen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nobuo","family":"Tsuboi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Yokoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John F.","family":"Bertram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2032","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V4122032","article-title":"Proliferative activity of intrinsic cell populations in the normal human kidney","volume":"4","author":"Nadasdy","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"B2-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2013050452","article-title":"Unraveling the role of podocyte turnover in glomerular aging and injury","volume":"25","author":"Wanner","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"B3-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gft413","article-title":"Mice are unable to endogenously regenerate podocytes during the repair of immunotoxin-induced glomerular injury","volume":"29","author":"Miyazaki","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"B4-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2941","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2005010055","article-title":"Podocyte depletion causes glomerulosclerosis: Diphtheria toxin-induced podocyte depletion in rats expressing human diphtheria toxin receptor transgene","volume":"16","author":"Wharram","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"B5-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2004080720","article-title":"Genetic engineering of glomerular sclerosis in the mouse via control of onset and severity of podocyte-specific injury","volume":"16","author":"Matsusaka","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"B6-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0198013","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0198013","article-title":"Nephrin is necessary for podocyte recovery following injury in an adult mature glomerulus","volume":"13","author":"Verma","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B7-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-017-2630-z","article-title":"Quantifying podocyte depletion: Theoretical and practical considerations","volume":"369","author":"Puelles","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"key":"B8-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119163","article-title":"Podocyte loss and progressive glomerular injury in type II diabetes","volume":"99","author":"Pagtalunan","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B9-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1007\/s001250051447","article-title":"Podocyte number predicts long-term urinary albumin excretion in Pima Indians with type II diabetes and microalbuminuria","volume":"42","author":"Meyer","year":"1999","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"B10-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2104","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2001.00725.x","article-title":"Glomerular cell number in normal subjects and in type 1 diabetic patients","volume":"59","author":"Steffes","year":"2001","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"B11-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3083","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.51.10.3083","article-title":"Podocyte number in normotensive type 1 diabetic patients with albuminuria","volume":"51","author":"White","year":"2002","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"B12-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.52.4.1031","article-title":"Is podocyte injury relevant in diabetic nephropathy? 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