{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T02:55:33Z","timestamp":1791860133066,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANR-19-CE18-0024 \u2013 TEPEE"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-19-CE18-0024 \u2013 TEPEE"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JASN"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Significance Statement<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      It has been reported that mTOR inhibitors (mTORis) are associated with a reduction in the incidence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in organ transplant patients who are CMV seropositive (R+), but a mechanistic explanation has been lacking to date. This work showed that a dysfunctional T-cell phenotype (CD85j+ PD-1+) was associated with a higher risk of uncontrolled CMV infection after transplantation in patients who were R+, and that mTORis reduced CMV incidence and severity by reinvigorating\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b1\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b3\u03b4<\/jats:italic>\n                      T-cell function. Dysfunctional T-cell phenotype could represent a new biomarker to predict post-transplantation infection in patients who are R+ and to stratify patients who should benefit from treatment with mTORis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The reported association of mTOR-inhibitor (mTORi) treatment with a lower incidence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in kidney transplant recipients (KTR) who are CMV seropositive (R+) remains unexplained.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The incidence of CMV infection and T-cell profile was compared between KTRs treated with mTORis and mycophenolic acid (MPA), and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      mTORi effects on T-cell phenotype and functions were analyzed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In KTRs who were R+ and treated with MPA, both\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b1\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b3\u03b4<\/jats:italic>\n                      T cells displayed a more dysfunctional phenotype (PD-1+, CD85j+) at day 0 of transplantation in the 16 KTRs with severe CMV infection, as compared with the 17 KTRs without or with spontaneously resolving CMV infection. In patients treated with mTORis (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      =27), the proportion of PD-1+ and CD85j+\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b1\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b3\u03b4<\/jats:italic>\n                      T cells decreased, when compared with patients treated with MPA (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      =44), as did the frequency and severity of CMV infections. mTORi treatment also led to higher proportions of late-differentiated and cytotoxic\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b3\u03b4<\/jats:italic>\n                      T cells and IFN\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b3<\/jats:italic>\n                      -producing and cytotoxic\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b1\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      T cells.\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">In vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      , mTORis increased proliferation, viability, and CMV-induced IFN\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b3<\/jats:italic>\n                      production of T cells and decreased PD-1 and CD85j expression in T cells, which shifted the T cells to a more efficient EOMES\n                      <jats:sup>low<\/jats:sup>\n                      Hobit\n                      <jats:sup>high<\/jats:sup>\n                      profile. In\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b3\u03b4<\/jats:italic>\n                      T cells, the mTORi effect was related to increased TCR signaling.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Severe CMV replication is associated with a dysfunctional T-cell profile and mTORis improve T-cell fitness along with better control of CMV. A dysfunctional T-cell phenotype could serve as a new biomarker to predict post-transplantation infection and to stratify patients who should benefit from mTORi treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical Trial registry name and registration number:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Proportion of CMV Seropositive Kidney Transplant Recipients Who Will Develop a CMV Infection When Treated With an Immunosuppressive Regimen Including Everolimus and Reduced Dose of Cyclosporine Versus an Immunosuppressive Regimen With Mycophenolic Acid and Standard Dose of Cyclosporine A (EVERCMV), NCT02328963<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1681\/asn.2020121753","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T12:50:20Z","timestamp":1635771020000},"page":"121-137","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["mTOR Inhibitors Prevent CMV Infection through the Restoration of Functional \u03b1\u03b2 and \u03b3\u03b4 T cells in Kidney Transplantation"],"prefix":"10.1681","volume":"33","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"nct02328963","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"}],"author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1604-3825","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hannah","family":"Kaminski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Transplantation, Dialysis and Apheresis, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France"},{"name":"ImmunoConcEpT, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Recherche 5164, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9200-2454","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriel","family":"Marseres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ImmunoConcEpT, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Recherche 5164, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathalie","family":"Yared","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ImmunoConcEpT, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Recherche 5164, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie-Julie","family":"Nokin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Actions for onCogenesis understanding and Target Identification in ONcology, Institut Europeen de chimie et de biologie, Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale, U1218, University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Pitard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Transplantation, Dialysis and Apheresis, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France"},{"name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Service 3427, Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale US 005, TransBioMed Core, Flow Cytometry Facility, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atika","family":"Zouine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Service 3427, Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale US 005, TransBioMed Core, Flow Cytometry Facility, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Garrigue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virology Department, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Recherche 5234 and CHU Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00e9verine","family":"Loizon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ImmunoConcEpT, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Recherche 5164, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myriam","family":"Capone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ImmunoConcEpT, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Recherche 5164, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xavier","family":"Gauthereau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Service 3427, Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale US 005, TransBioMed Core, PCRq\u2019UB, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Mamani-Matsuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ImmunoConcEpT, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Recherche 5164, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roxane","family":"Coueron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale U1219 Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Inria SISTM, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ra\u00fal V.","family":"Dur\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Actions for onCogenesis understanding and Target Identification in ONcology, Institut Europeen de chimie et de biologie, Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale, U1218, University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2936-9058","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beno\u00eet","family":"Pinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Service 3427, Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale US 005, TransBioMed Core, Service Analyses M\u00e9taboliques, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France"},{"name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Biochimie et Genetique Cellulaire Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Recherche 5095, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Pellegrin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Immunology and Immunogenetics, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodolphe","family":"Thi\u00e9baut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale U1219 Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Inria SISTM, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lionel","family":"Couzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Transplantation, Dialysis and Apheresis, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France"},{"name":"ImmunoConcEpT, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Recherche 5164, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Merville","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Transplantation, Dialysis and Apheresis, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France"},{"name":"ImmunoConcEpT, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Recherche 5164, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"D\u00e9chanet-Merville","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ImmunoConcEpT, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Recherche 5164, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000002191","article-title":"The Third International Consensus Guidelines on the Management of Cytomegalovirus in Solid-organ Transplantation","volume":"102","author":"Kotton","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"B2-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2034","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.2034","article-title":"Estimation of the worldwide seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"29","author":"Zuhair","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev Med Virol"},{"key":"B3-20240826","first-page":"2375","article-title":"Cellular immunity to predict the risk of cytomegalovirus infection in kidney transplantation: A prospective, interventional, multicenter clinical trial","volume":"71","author":"Jarque","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"B4-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiz194","article-title":"Different impact of rATG induction on CMV infection risk in D+R- and R+ KTRs","volume":"220","author":"Kaminski","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"B5-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.a.20643","article-title":"Phenotype and function of human T lymphocyte subsets: consensus and issues","volume":"73","author":"Appay","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cytometry A"},{"key":"B6-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1007\/s00430-019-00608-7","article-title":"The hallmarks of CMV-specific CD8 T-cell differentiation","volume":"208","author":"van den Berg","year":"2019","journal-title":"Med Microbiol Immunol (Berl)"},{"key":"B7-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1324","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201747018","article-title":"CMV drives the expansion of highly functional memory T cells expressing NK-cell receptors in renal transplant recipients","volume":"47","author":"Makwana","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"B8-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2762","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201545959","article-title":"Hobit and human effector T-cell differentiation: The beginning of a long journey","volume":"45","author":"Braun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"B9-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4077","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI42758","article-title":"Molecular profiling of cytomegalovirus-induced human CD8+ T cell differentiation","volume":"120","author":"Hertoghs","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B10-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00325","article-title":"The transcription factor hobit identifies human cytotoxic CD4+ T cells","volume":"8","author":"Oja","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B11-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aae0491","article-title":"The epigenetic landscape of T cell exhaustion","volume":"354","author":"Sen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B12-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1220","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1229620","article-title":"Progenitor and terminal subsets of CD8+ T cells cooperate to contain chronic viral infection","volume":"338","author":"Paley","year":"2012","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B13-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1838","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1500440","article-title":"Cytomegalovirus-induced expression of CD244 after liver transplantation is associated with CD8+ T cell hyporesponsiveness to alloantigen","volume":"195","author":"de Mare-Bredemeijer","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B14-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8218","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.175.12.8218","article-title":"Cytomegalovirus-specific CD4+ T cells in healthy carriers are continuously driven to replicative exhaustion","volume":"175","author":"Fletcher","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B15-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiv071","article-title":"Functional exhaustion limits CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses to congenital cytomegalovirus infection","volume":"212","author":"Huygens","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"B16-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5509","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-05849-1","article-title":"Ageing and latent CMV infection impact on maturation, differentiation and exhaustion profiles of T-cell receptor gammadelta T-cells","volume":"7","author":"Kallemeijn","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B17-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellimm.2014.02.007","article-title":"Correlations of programmed death 1 expression and serum IL-6 level with exhaustion of cytomegalovirus-specific T cells after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"288","author":"Kato","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Immunol"},{"key":"B18-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1486","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2008.02279.x","article-title":"PD-1 expression and IL-2 loss of cytomegalovirus- specific T cells correlates with viremia and reversible functional anergy","volume":"8","author":"Sester","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"B19-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1979","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2018010009","article-title":"Everolimus with reduced calcineurin inhibitor exposure in renal transplantation","volume":"29","author":"Pascual","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"B20-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2655","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.13327","article-title":"Reduced incidence of cytomegalovirus infection in kidney transplant recipients receiving everolimus and reduced tacrolimus doses","volume":"15","author":"Tedesco-Silva","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"B21-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1953","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000002626","article-title":"Safety of everolimus with reduced calcineurin inhibitor exposure in de novo kidney transplants: An analysis from the randomized TRANSFORM study","volume":"103","author":"Tedesco-Silva","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"B22-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1458","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2012.04002.x","article-title":"CMV late phase-induced mTOR activation is essential for efficient virus replication in polarized human macrophages","volume":"12","author":"Poglitsch","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"B23-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2953","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02953","article-title":"Selective effects of mTOR inhibitor sirolimus on na\u00efve and CMV-specific t cells extending its applicable range beyond immunosuppression","volume":"9","author":"Bak","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B24-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08155","article-title":"mTOR regulates memory CD8 T-cell differentiation","volume":"460","author":"Araki","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B25-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12907","DOI":"10.1111\/tid.12907","article-title":"The influence of mTOR inhibitors on the incidence of CMV infection in high-risk donor positive-recipient negative (D+\/R-) kidney transplant recipients","volume":"20","author":"Cristelli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transpl Infect Dis"},{"key":"B26-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12922","article-title":"Understanding human \u03b3\u03b4 T cell biology toward a better management of cytomegalovirus infection","volume":"298","author":"Kaminski","year":"2020","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"B27-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2015.00003","article-title":"Direct and indirect effects of cytomegalovirus-induced \u03b3\u03b4 T cells after kidney transplantation","volume":"6","author":"Couzi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B28-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1415","DOI":"10.1086\/644509","article-title":"Common features of gammadelta T cells and CD8(+) alphabeta T cells responding to human cytomegalovirus infection in kidney transplant recipients","volume":"200","author":"Couzi","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"B29-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-01-136713","article-title":"Long-term expansion of effector\/memory Vdelta2-gammadelta T cells is a specific blood signature of CMV infection","volume":"112","author":"Pitard","year":"2008","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B30-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3163","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1621052114","article-title":"Sensing of cell stress by human \u03b3\u03b4 TCR-dependent recognition of annexin A2","volume":"114","author":"Marlin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"B31-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01499-07","article-title":"Prediction of cytomegalovirus (CMV) plasma load from evaluation of CMV whole-blood load in samples from renal transplant recipients","volume":"46","author":"Garrigue","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"B32-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw370","article-title":"Are we there yet? Impact of the first international standard for cytomegalovirus DNA on the harmonization of results reported on plasma samples","volume":"63","author":"Preiksaitis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"B33-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw668","article-title":"Definitions of cytomegalovirus infection and disease in transplant patients for use in clinical trials","volume":"64","author":"Ljungman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"B34-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20050882","article-title":"Broadly targeted human cytomegalovirus-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells dominate the memory compartments of exposed subjects","volume":"202","author":"Sylwester","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B35-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e26423","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.26423","article-title":"High mTOR activity is a hallmark of reactive natural killer cells and amplifies early signaling through activating receptors","volume":"6","author":"Mar\u00e7ais","year":"2017","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"B36-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2384","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.13781","article-title":"Easier control of late-onset cytomegalovirus disease following universal prophylaxis through an early antiviral immune response in donor-positive, recipient-negative kidney transplants","volume":"16","author":"Kaminski","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"B37-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1003011","DOI":"10.1080\/2162402X.2014.1003011","article-title":"TCR-dependent sensitization of human \u03b3\u03b4 T cells to non-myeloid IL-18 in cytomegalovirus and tumor stress surveillance","volume":"4","author":"Guerville","year":"2015","journal-title":"OncoImmunology"},{"key":"B38-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3062.2006.00199.x","article-title":"Ex vivo monitoring of human cytomegalovirus-specific CD8+ T-cell responses using QuantiFERON- CMV","volume":"9","author":"Walker","year":"2007","journal-title":"Transpl Infect Dis"},{"key":"B39-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2007.07.010","article-title":"Inflammation directs memory precursor and short-lived effector CD8(+) T cell fates via the graded expression of T-bet transcription factor","volume":"27","author":"Joshi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B40-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2945","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201545650","article-title":"Blimp-1 homolog Hobit identifies effector-type lymphocytes in humans","volume":"45","author":"Vieira Braga","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"B41-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4454","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-18256-4","article-title":"Exhausted CD8+ T cells exhibit low and strongly inhibited TCR signaling during chronic LCMV infection","volume":"11","author":"Sandu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B42-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.187.9.1383","article-title":"Induction and exhaustion of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes visualized using soluble tetrameric major histocompatibility complex class I-peptide complexes","volume":"187","author":"Gallimore","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B43-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4911","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.77.8.4911-4927.2003","article-title":"Viral persistence alters CD8 T-cell immunodominance and tissue distribution and results in distinct stages of functional impairment","volume":"77","author":"Wherry","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"B44-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2205","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.188.12.2205","article-title":"Viral immune evasion due to persistence of activated T cells without effector function","volume":"188","author":"Zajac","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B45-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.00250117","article-title":"eGFR and the risk of community-acquired infections","volume":"12","author":"Xu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"B46-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00692","article-title":"Immune checkpoint function of CD85j in CD8 T cell differentiation and aging","volume":"8","author":"Gustafson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B47-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00064","article-title":"Kinetics of cytotoxic lymphocytes reconstitution after induction chemotherapy in elderly AML patients reveals progressive recovery of normal phenotypic and functional features in NK cells","volume":"8","author":"Rey","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B48-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4473","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.178.7.4473","article-title":"The human cytomegalovirus MHC class I homolog UL18 inhibits LIR-1+ but activates LIR-1- NK cells","volume":"178","author":"Prod\u2019homme","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B49-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16004","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0407192101","article-title":"Antigen-independent memory CD8 T cells do not develop during chronic viral infection","volume":"101","author":"Wherry","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"B50-20240826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20061937","article-title":"Viral antigen and extensive division maintain virus-specific CD8 T cells during chronic infection","volume":"204","author":"Shin","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Exp Med"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Society of Nephrology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.1681\/ASN.2020121753","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T19:29:53Z","timestamp":1786130993000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.1681\/ASN.2020121753"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1681\/asn.2020121753","relation":{},"ISSN":["1046-6673","1533-3450"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1046-6673","type":"print"},{"value":"1533-3450","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-12-18","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-10-06","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}