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Several first and second generation drugs have been used in regulatory and pragmatic monotherapy trials with similar efficacy but differing pharmacokinetic, tolerability, and safety profiles. None of the available compounds has an ideal profile and second generation drugs do not appear to present unequivocal advantages in this regard. Compared to first generation drugs, some newer generation antiepileptic drugs may be preferred as they have similar efficacy but lower potential for idiosyncratic reactions and drug interactions. However, more recent antiepileptic drugs also have limitations, which include lack of superiority and, in some cases, unbearable adverse effects. In this light, there are no standard criteria as a reference for the selection of the best comparator for new mono\u2010therapy trials. However, according to the recommendations of evidence\u2010based guidelines, carbamazepine still represents the first\u2010choice drug for patients with partial epilepsy. Ethosuximide may be an option for absence epilepsy. In contrast, for the treatment of patients with other generalised epilepsies, there is no clear indication of preferred drug, as valproate, which has been found to prevail over other compounds, should be withheld in women of childbearing age due to its teratogenic potential, and there is insufficient evidence to choose an alternative drug.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1684\/epd.2012.0531","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,2]],"date-time":"2019-08-02T13:24:19Z","timestamp":1564752259000},"page":"235-241","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Randomised controlled monotherapy trials: which comparators to use?<sup>*<\/sup>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Ettore","family":"Beghi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio di Malattie Neurologiche Dipartimento di Neuroscienze Istituto Mario Negri Milano Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/ern.11.169"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(12)70018-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(95)90581-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-1211(99)00039-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1528-1157.2002.45401.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000252941.50833.4a"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)10531-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2008.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60470-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000123693.82339.FC"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000210517.03902.6e"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2006.00585.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0902014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2009.02129.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/157015910792246254"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1528-1157.2001.04501.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(11)70154-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60460-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60461-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","unstructured":"National Institute for Clinical Excellence.Clinical guideline 20 the epilepsies: the diagnosis and management of the epilepsies in adults and children in primary and secondary care. 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