{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T20:36:17Z","timestamp":1789763777774,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,29]],"date-time":"2016-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1467158400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":28,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Epileptic Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Aim<\/jats:italic>. To identify potential risk factors for the development of subclinical hypothyroidism following long\u2010term valproic acid monotherapy in children with epilepsy.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. Serum levels of thyroid\u2010stimulating hormone, free thyroxine, free triiodothyronine, thyreoglobulin antibodies, and thyroid peroxidase antibodies were determined in 41 patients and in 41 sex\u2010 and age\u2010matched healthy children.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. Mean valproic acid treatment duration was 2.80\u00b11.96 years. The valproic acid group had higher serum thyroid\u2010stimulating hormone (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.001) and free triiodothyronine (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.05) levels compared to the control group. Serum thyroid\u2010stimulating hormone and free triiodothyronine were above the upper limit for healthy controls in 34% and 32% of patients, respectively, and no clinical features of thyroid dysfunction were observed. Duration of valproic acid monotherapy for less than four years was a risk factor for elevated thyroid\u2010stimulating hormone levels.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. One third of children with normal range serum valproic acid levels may have elevated serum thyroid\u2010stimulating hormone and free triiodothyronine levels, especially in the first four years of treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1684\/epd.2016.0821","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,2]],"date-time":"2019-08-02T13:24:29Z","timestamp":1564752269000},"page":"181-186","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Duration of valproic acid monotherapy correlates with subclinical thyroid dysfunction in children with epilepsy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Violeta","family":"Ili\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy University of Belgrade"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dragana","family":"Bogi\u0107evi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Belgrade"},{"name":"University children's hospital  Belgrade Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Branislava","family":"Miljkovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy University of Belgrade"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maja","family":"Je\u0161i\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Belgrade"},{"name":"University children's hospital  Belgrade Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marijana","family":"Kova\u010devi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University children's hospital  Belgrade Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milica","family":"Prostran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Belgrade"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra Vezmar","family":"Kova\u010devi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy University of Belgrade"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2011.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WNF.0b013e318166cbcd"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00207454.2011.627486"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00207450290158269"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2006.00821.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2007.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2012.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1999.tb01595.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1528-1157.2001.042008979.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-200X.2007.02456.x"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","first-page":"115","article-title":"Changes of event related potential and cognitive processes in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism after thyroxine treatment","volume":"36","author":"Jensovsky J.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Endocr Regul"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073814529822"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0032-1313913"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2007.02.046"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","first-page":"367","article-title":"Subclinical hypothyroidism: neurobehavioral features and beneficial effect of L\u2010thyroxine treatment","volume":"71","author":"Monzani F.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Investig"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073811421985"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0021-75572007000700013"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","first-page":"189","article-title":"Effects of chronic anticonvulsant monotherapy on endocrine system in prepubertal children with convulsive disorders. 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