{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T21:38:19Z","timestamp":1761514699261},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,21]],"date-time":"2021-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":51,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epileptic Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Aims<\/jats:italic>. Ambulatory video\u2010EEG monitoring has been utilized as a cost\u2010effective alternative to inpatient video\u2010EEG monitoring for non\u2010surgical diagnostic evaluation of symptoms suggestive of epileptic seizures. We aimed to assess incidence of epileptiform discharges in ambulatory video\u2010EEG recordings according to seizure symptom history obtained during clinical evaluation.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. This was a retrospective cohort study. We queried seizure symptoms from 9,221 consecutive ambulatory video\u2010EEG studies in 35 states over one calendar year. We assessed incidence of epileptiform discharges for each symptom, including symptoms that conformed to a category heading, even if not included in the ILAE 2017 symptom list. We report incidences, odds ratios, and corresponding <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> values using Fisher's exact test and univariate logistic regression. We applied multivariable logistic regression to generate odds ratios for the six symptom categories that are controlled for the presence of other symptoms.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. History that included motor symptoms (OR=1.53) or automatisms (OR=1.42) was associated with increased occurrence of epileptiform discharges, whereas history of sensory symptoms (OR=0.76) predicted lack of epileptiform discharges. Patient\u2010reported symptoms that were associated with increased occurrence of epileptiform discharges included lip\u2010smacking, moaning, verbal automatism, aggression, eye\u2010blinking, <jats:italic>d\u00e9j\u00e0 vu<\/jats:italic>, muscle pain, urinary incontinence, choking and jerking. On the other hand, auditory hallucination memory deficits, lightheadedness, syncope, giddiness, fibromyalgia and chronic pain predicted absence of epileptiform discharges. The majority of epileptiform discharges consisted only of interictal sharp waves or spikes.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>. Our study shows that the use of ILAE 2017 symptom categories may help guide ambulatory video\u2010EEG studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1684\/epd.2020.1220","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,5]],"date-time":"2021-01-05T11:17:34Z","timestamp":1609845454000},"page":"752-758","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Seizure symptoms and ambulatory EEG findings: incidence of epileptiform discharges"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Hai","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Epilepsy Center The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences  Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamad","family":"Koubeissi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epilepsy Center The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences  Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sana","family":"Aziz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Charleston Area Medical Center  Charleston WV USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeremy D.","family":"Slater","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas, McGovern Medical School, Department of Neurology  Houston TX USA"},{"name":"Chief Medical Officer The Alliance Family of Companies  Irving TX USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hashem","family":"Al Bunni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alfaisal University, College of Medicine  Riyadh KSA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad T.","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Charleston Area Medical Center  Charleston WV USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nasser Y.","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medstar Baltimore  Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Faraaz A.","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ross University School of Medicine  Portsmouth Dominica"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amir","family":"Alnobani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Midwestern University  Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Faraaz M.","family":"Hussain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Case Western Reserve University  Cleveland OH USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adam U.","family":"Syed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleveland State University  Cleveland OH USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anas","family":"Fares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center  Cleveland OH USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Talha","family":"Iqbal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Talha Iqbal, Ziauddin Medical College Ziauddin University  Karachi Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tanvir U.","family":"Syed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurological Institute University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center  Cleveland OH USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2005.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/117.1.71"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2018.12.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1528-1157.2001.22001.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1684\/epd.2019.1109"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WNP.0b013e318246b589"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2013.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2012.04.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13671"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/116.2.397"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WNP.0b013e3181b2f2da"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410250113"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1998.tb01452.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0013-9580.2004.09704.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2008.01554.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-2457(99)00081-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2019.01.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1684\/epd.2016.0823"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2017.01.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2012-303520"}],"container-title":["Epileptic Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1684\/epd.2020.1220","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,18]],"date-time":"2024-03-18T16:37:31Z","timestamp":1710779851000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1684\/epd.2020.1220"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1684\/epd.2020.1220"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1684\/epd.2020.1220","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1294-9361","1950-6945"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1294-9361","type":"print"},{"value":"1950-6945","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-02-14","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-08-27","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-01-21","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}