{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T17:27:30Z","timestamp":1769275650643,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,16]],"date-time":"2021-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637020800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":46,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epileptic Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Objective<\/jats:italic>. Lombroso and Fejerman, in 1977, described non\u2010epileptic movements in normal infants and named them \u201cbenign myoclonus of early infancy\u201d, which were recently relabelled by Fernandez\u2010Alvarez as \u201cbenign polymorphous movement disorder of infancy\u201d (BPMDI). The focus of our study was to describe, categorize and point out the peculiar clinical representations of these heterogeneous phenomena through our video footage, particularly to those less experienced in paediatric neurology.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. We included all infants with a video\u2010EEG performed at our unit or a home video recording of \u201cFejerman\u2010Lombroso\u201d, \u201cbenign myoclonus of early infancy\u201d, \u201cshuddering attacks\u201d or \u201cparoxysmal non\u2010epileptic movements\u201d.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. Twenty\u2010one children were selected. Age at onset ranged between two and 13 months, age at disappearance ranged between seven and 16 months, age at recording ranged between four and 16 months, and duration of the phenomena ranged between two weeks and 19 months. In total, 85% infants had normal neurodevelopment at onset and follow\u2010up (mean follow\u2010up: 31.47 months) and 15% presented with neuropsychological or neurosensory deficits. We distinguished four different patterns of movements: movement of the head in 50%, shuddering attacks in 30%, tonic brief contractions of the trunk and limbs in 10%, and elevation of the shoulders in 10%.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Significance<\/jats:italic>. These motor phenomena do not affect neurological status and are not associated with developmental delay. Considering that clinical interpretation may be challenging, especially relative to epileptic seizures, we present an explanatory video of these characteristic events. We also propose a new definition that is simple to remember: \u201ctransient infant movements\u201d (TIM).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1684\/epd.2021.1317","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]],"date-time":"2021-10-26T07:05:30Z","timestamp":1635231930000},"page":"713-717","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Transient infant movements (TIM): frequent infant non\u2010pathological developmental motor phenomena"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Ludovica Maria","family":"Piscitello","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Neurological Diagnostic Unit, Neuroscience Department Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Ges\u00f9 Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Volponi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Neurological Diagnostic Unit, Neuroscience Department Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Ges\u00f9 Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marta Elena","family":"Santarone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Neurological Diagnostic Unit, Neuroscience Department Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Ges\u00f9 Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosanna","family":"Mariani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatric Department Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Ges\u00f9 Palidoro Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucia","family":"Fusco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Neurological Diagnostic Unit, Neuroscience Department Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Ges\u00f9 Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410010206"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1052496"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.26.11.1027"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000306698.75592.6e"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1684\/j.1950-6945.1999.tb00295.x","article-title":"Benign myoclonus of early infancy","volume":"1","author":"Pachatz C.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Epileptic Disord"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2008.01994.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1684\/epd.2013.0548"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2018.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1684\/epd.2019.1098"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/pir.31.6.223"}],"container-title":["Epileptic Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1684\/epd.2021.1317","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]],"date-time":"2024-09-10T20:26:14Z","timestamp":1725999974000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1684\/epd.2021.1317"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1684\/epd.2021.1317"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1684\/epd.2021.1317","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1294-9361","1950-6945"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1294-9361","type":"print"},{"value":"1950-6945","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-12-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-03-19","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-11-16","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}