{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T11:20:19Z","timestamp":1781004019169,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,3]],"date-time":"2022-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667433600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":33,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epileptic Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Temporal lobe epilepsy is the most common form of focal epilepsy and is frequently resistant to antiseizure medication. Non\u2010invasive biomarkers are crucial when resective epilepsy surgery is considered in order to guide diagnostic work\u2010up and management. Interictal epileptiform discharges, when concordant with ictal EEG recording and a focal abnormality on functional imaging or anatomic MRI in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy, portend a favorable outcome with resective or ablative surgery. An interictal nonepileptiform feature on EEG believed to have the same localizing potential as epileptiform discharges is temporal intermittent rhythmic delta activity (TIRDA). The precise localization of TIRDA has been a subject of debate, but has been associated with seizures that arise from the temporal region. We report a 64\u2010year\u2010old female who underwent unsuccessful right anterior temporal lobectomy for drug\u2010resistant focal epilepsy, suspected to originate from the right temporal lobe. Subsequent video\u2010EEG monitoring revealed right, greater than left, TIRDA and interictal epileptiform discharges arising from the temporal regions bilaterally, despite a generous temporal lobectomy demonstrated by brain MRI. Further, using EEG source localization, we identified TIRDA using scalp EEG in sensor space, localized to the ipsilateral orbitofrontal region. We discuss the proposed localization of TIRDA in this case and address the importance of characterizing TIRDA in the presurgical evaluation of patients with epilepsy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1684\/epd.2022.1459","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,11]],"date-time":"2022-07-11T14:00:08Z","timestamp":1657548008000},"page":"947-951","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["\u201cTemporal\u201d intermittent rhythmic delta activity: the true localizing nature of TIRDA"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Brin E.","family":"Freund","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic  Jacksonville FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zuha","family":"Mheir\u2010Al\u2010Saadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine  Bradenton FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin H.","family":"Brinkmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic  Rochester MN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William O.","family":"Tatum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic  Jacksonville FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2009.02397.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WNP.0b013e31826b3ab7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000055086.35806.2D"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","first-page":"637430","article-title":"Electroencephalography in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy: a review","volume":"2012","author":"Javidan M","year":"2012","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res Treat"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.52.1.202"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004691-199505010-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0317167100029450"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0013-9580.2004.61203.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1995.tb00970.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-2457(02)00332-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2018.11.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WNP.0000000000000306"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004691-199909000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.12721"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1986.tb05740.x"}],"container-title":["Epileptic Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1684\/epd.2022.1459","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,20]],"date-time":"2024-04-20T07:27:03Z","timestamp":1713598023000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1684\/epd.2022.1459"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1684\/epd.2022.1459"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1684\/epd.2022.1459","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1294-9361","1950-6945"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1294-9361","type":"print"},{"value":"1950-6945","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-02-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-05-24","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-11-03","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}