{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,30]],"date-time":"2025-08-30T16:28:39Z","timestamp":1756571319141,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Korean Gerontological Nursing Society","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,28]],"date-time":"2023-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jkgn.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Korean Gerontol Nurs"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the health-management experiences of older women living alone during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic through the photovoice method. The research question was as follows: \u201cWhat were the physical, psychological, and social health management experiences of older women living alone during COVID-19?\u201dMethods: Data collection was conducted by a photovoice method. We visited the homes of 8 participants aged from 80 to 89 years old in the city of Daejeon between June 23 and July 14, 2022 using purposive sampling.Results: As a result of the photovoice study, 125 photos, 15 sub-themes, and four themes were derived. The first theme was \u201cloneliness deepened by COVID-19\u201d, which consisted of the following sub-themes: \u201clack of communication due to COVID-19\u201d, \u201cstaying in nature\u201d, and \u201caggravated loneliness during COVID-19\u201d. The second theme was \u201cdifficulty getting out of the residence\u201d, which included the following sub-themes: \u201crelief stress from COVID-19\u201d, frustrated by the difficulty of going out\u201d, \u201cdecreased orientation and going out less frequently\u201d, and \u201cavoiding going out for fear of falling\u201d. The third theme was \u201chealth-care lost\u201d, which involved the following sub-themes: \u201csilence as giving up on life\u201d, \u201casthenia due to lack of appetite\u201d, \u201cpainful body\u201d, \u201cmany medications and poor health\u201d, and \u201ctreatment that doesn't help\u201d. The last theme was \u201csomething to depend on during COVID-19\u201d, which consisted of the following sub-themes: \u201cgratitude to care givers\u201d, \u201clonging for a bereaved family\u201d, and \u201cprecarious place of residence\u201d.Conclusion: Older women living alone experienced aggravated vulnerability and difficulty with health management due to a lack of social support during the COVID-19 period. This study suggests the need for a social safety network and vividly reveals the necessity of caregivers\u2019 support and policy assistance for socially vulnerable populations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.17079\/jkgn.2023.25.1.11","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T23:28:47Z","timestamp":1677713327000},"page":"11-22","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17079\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Health-management experiences among older women living alone during the COVID-19 pandemic: A photovoice study"],"prefix":"10.17079","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2103-4835","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hee Kyung","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2782-108X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hyun Kyoung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4392-3193","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chul Hee","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"6725","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.103583"},{"volume-title":"Coronavirus (COVID-19), Republic of Korea","key":"ref2"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"592","volume-title":"","author":"Kane","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glac056"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17703\/JCCT.2022.8.3.175"},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"182","volume-title":"","author":"Latz","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"235","volume-title":"","author":"Oh","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/109019819402100204"},{"volume-title":"","author":"Summey","key":"ref9"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J082v51n01_07"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"90","volume-title":"","author":"Shaffer","year":"1985"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/109019819702400309"},{"key":"ref13","first-page":"515","volume-title":"","author":"Cresswell","year":"2015"},{"volume-title":"2021 Statistics for the elderly [Internet]","key":"ref14"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17089\/kgr.2021.28.3.008"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3399\/bjgp20X713021"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23062\/2021.10.7"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnaa201"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-022-02799-w"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0269003"},{"volume-title":"2022 Law for the elderly [Internet]","key":"ref21"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21032\/jhis.2021.46.1.54"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-020-01246-3"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/FCH.0000000000000256"}],"container-title":["Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/jkgn.org\/upload\/pdf\/jkgn-25-1-11.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/jkgn.org\/journal\/view.php?doi=10.17079\/jkgn.2023.25.1.11","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/jkgn.org\/upload\/pdf\/jkgn-25-1-11.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,16]],"date-time":"2023-03-16T04:59:23Z","timestamp":1678942763000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/jkgn.org\/journal\/view.php?doi=10.17079\/jkgn.2023.25.1.11"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,28]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17079\/jkgn.2023.25.1.11","relation":{},"ISSN":["2384-1877","2383-8086"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2384-1877"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2383-8086"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-09-21","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-01-12","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-02-28","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}