{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T00:19:23Z","timestamp":1783556363921,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"The Korean Society of Anesthesiologists","content-domain":{"domain":["anesth-pain-med.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Anesth Pain Med"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Pain management after lung transplantation (LT) is challenging, with most cen-ters using a multimodal analgesia approach that includes opioids and thoracic epidural analge-sia (TEA). Intercostal nerve cryoanalgesia (INCA), which blocks peripheral nerves to provide pain control for about two months, is gaining popularity worldwide but has rarely been stud-ied in the context of LT.Methods: Retrospective, before-and-after single-center study conducted between October 2024 and July 2025. A group without INCA (PRE-INCA) was compared to a group with INCA (POST-INCA). All patients received TEA and multimodal analgesia. The primary out-come was the total consumption of oral morphine milligram equivalents (MMEs) between Day 1 and Day 28.Results: We included 28 consecutive LT recipients, among whom 14 received INCA. Pa-tients\u2019 baseline characteristics were similar across groups. Patients in the POST-INCA group received significantly fewer opioids during the first 28 days (PRE-INCA 1,499 [972, 1,909] MME vs. POST-INCA 543 [153, 1,050] MME; P = 0.004). Moreover, at month 1, basal pain was significantly reduced in the POST-INCA group (Numeric Rating Scale [NRS] PRE-INCA 2.25 [0.00, 4.50] vs. NRS POST-INCA 0.00 [0.00, 0.00]; P = 0.010). Other clinical outcomes, including duration of mechanical ventilation, length of stay, forced expiratory value at 1 s, and mortality, were similar between the groups.Conclusions: Adding INCA to TEA is associated with a significant reduction in opioid con-sumption and postoperative pain during the first 28 days following LT. These results should be interpreted with caution due to the retrospective, single-center design and the small sample size of the study.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.17085\/apm.26530","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T00:07:30Z","timestamp":1783555650000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17085\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Intercostal nerve cryoanalgesia in lung transplantation: a retrospective single-center study"],"prefix":"10.17085","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4698-3287","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"S\u00e9bastien","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Bichat-Claude Bernard Hospital, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France"},{"name":"Diabetes Atherothrombosis R\u00e9union Indian Ocean (D\u00e9TROI), French Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1188, R\u00e9union Island University, Saint-Pierre, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Baulier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Bichat-Claude Bernard Hospital, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2726-106X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Enora","family":"Atchade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Bichat-Claude Bernard Hospital, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2648-1693","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Aurelie","family":"Gouel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Bichat-Claude Bernard Hospital, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, Paris, France"},{"name":"Antibody in Therapy and Pathology, French Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1222, Pasteur Institute, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7182-3678","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Brice","family":"Lortat-Jacob","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Bichat-Claude Bernard Hospital, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Soldan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Bichat-Claude Bernard Hospital, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandrine","family":"Boudinet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Bichat-Claude Bernard Hospital, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5080-6331","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Vincent","family":"Bunel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pneumology and Lung Transplantation, Bichat-Claude Bernard Hospital, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9188-833X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kinan El","family":"Husseini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, Paris, France"},{"name":"Department of Pneumology and Lung Transplantation, Bichat-Claude Bernard Hospital, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France"},{"name":"Centre de Recherche de l\u2019inflammation, French Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1149, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0170-1668","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yves","family":"Castier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, Paris, France"},{"name":"Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, French Institute of Health and Medical Re-search (INSERM) U1148, Paris, France"},{"name":"Department of Vascular and Thoracic Surgery, Bichat-Claude Bernard Hospital, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3251-6995","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Arnaud","family":"Roussel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular and Thoracic Surgery, Bichat-Claude Bernard Hospital, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2977-4002","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Antoine","family":"Girault","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular and Thoracic Surgery, Bichat-Claude Bernard Hospital, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3422-5705","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Philippe","family":"Montravers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Bichat-Claude Bernard Hospital, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, Paris, France"},{"name":"Physiopathology and Ep-idemiology of Respiratory Diseases (PHERE), French Institute of Health and Medical Re-search (INSERM) U1152, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5716-4848","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Pierre","family":"Mordant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, Paris, France"},{"name":"Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, French Institute of Health and Medical Re-search (INSERM) U1148, Paris, France"},{"name":"Department of Vascular and Thoracic Surgery, Bichat-Claude Bernard Hospital, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"for the Bichat Lung Transplant Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2573","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]]},"container-title":["Anesthesia and Pain Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/anesth-pain-med.org\/upload\/pdf\/apm-26530.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T00:07:33Z","timestamp":1783555653000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/anesth-pain-med.org\/journal\/view.php?doi=10.17085\/apm.26530"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17085\/apm.26530","relation":{},"ISSN":["1975-5171","2383-7977"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1975-5171","type":"print"},{"value":"2383-7977","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-01-19","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication 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