{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T01:03:41Z","timestamp":1777511021130,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Media Sphere Publishing House","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rus. Ann. Ophthal."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Complications of diabetes mellitus such as diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular edema (DME) remain major global health concerns. DME leads to swelling of the central retina and consequently to decreased visual acuity. The pathogenesis of these conditions is complex and multifactorial, and continues to be the subject of scientific research. Currently, intravitreal injections of angiogenesis inhibitors are considered the main method of DME treatment. However, their prolonged use may lead to patients developing treatment resistance. With the advancement of vitreoretinal surgery, its therapeutic potential in DME management is being actively explored. In patients with diabetes mellitus and DME, resistance may develop to antivasoproliferative therapy, laser treatment, or dexamethasone implant therapy. Introduction of vitreoretinal surgical techniques into DME management allows for improvement of anatomical and functional outcomes within a short time in patients with this pathology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.17116\/oftalma202614202186","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T15:38:39Z","timestamp":1777390719000},"page":"86","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema: etiopathogenesis and vitreoretinal surgery as one of the methods of treatment"],"prefix":"10.17116","volume":"142","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4341-3572","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R.R.","family":"Fayzrakhmanov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Medical and Surgical Center named after N.I. Pirogov","place":["Moscow, Russia"]},{"name":"Institute of Advanced Training of Physicians of the National Medical and Surgical Center named after N.I. Pirogov","place":["Moscow, Russia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4757-5584","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D.V.","family":"Petrachkov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases","place":["Moscow, Russia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3470-6282","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"O.A.","family":"Pavlovskiy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Medical and Surgical Center named after N.I. Pirogov","place":["Moscow, Russia"]},{"name":"Institute of Advanced Training of Physicians of the National Medical and Surgical Center named after N.I. Pirogov","place":["Moscow, Russia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6353-6549","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.O.","family":"Martynov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Medical and Surgical Center named after N.I. Pirogov","place":["Moscow, Russia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-3056-3389","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.N.","family":"Saraeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Medical and Surgical Center named after N.I. Pirogov","place":["Moscow, Russia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"6743","reference":[{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2008.10.016"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14341\/DM12759"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-3","unstructured":"International Diabetes Federation (2021) IDF Diabetes Atlas 10th Edition.  https:\/\/diabetesatlas.org\/atlas\/tenth-edition"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(20)30488-5"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2017.10.006"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/biof.1304"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17116\/oftalma2021137052306"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvm085"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2020.100921"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-10","unstructured":"Qaum T, Xu Q, Joussen AM, Clemens MW, Qin W, Miyamoto K, Hassessian H, Wiegand SJ, Rudge J, Yancopoulos GD, et al. VEGF-initiated blood-retinal barrier breakdown in early diabetes. Inv Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2001;42:2408-2413"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2229-516X.205813"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.26.9.2653"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18008\/1816-5095-2021-3S-718-726"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.25276\/2312-4911-2020-2-103-106"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.48.10.1899"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2014.02.016"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2010.192229"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18240\/ijo.2017.01.22"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22336\/rjo.2020.46"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40942-020-00234-z"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23169424"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j."},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2015.110"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2010.03.032"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.25276\/0235-4160-2020-4-86-92"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-57509-6"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Haller JA, Qin H, Apte RS, Beck RR, Bressler NM, Browning DJ, Danis RP, Glassman AR, Googe JM, Kollman C, Lauer AK, Peters MA, Stockman ME: Vitrectomy outcomes in eyes with diabetic macular edema and vitreomacular traction. Ophthalmology. 2010;117:1087-1093.e1083","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.10.040"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17116\/oftalma202113704118"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-29","unstructured":"Zotov VV, Pashtaev NP, Pozdeeva NA \u00abMono-instrumental\u00bb 27 G-vitrectomy in the treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Modern technologies in ophthalmology. 2018; 21(1):159-161. (In Russ.)"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.34883\/PI.2022.12.4.013"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-31","unstructured":"Shkvorchenko DO, Kakunina SA, Belousova EV, Rusanovskaya AV. Technique of bimanual 27-29G vitrectomy in the treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Modern technologies for the treatment of vitreoretinal pathology \u2014 2012: Collection of abstracts. Federal State Budgetary Institution \u201cMNTK \u201cMicrosurgery of the Eye\u201d. \u2014 Moscow, 2012. \u2014 209 p. (In Russ.)"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-32","unstructured":"Fayzrakhmanov RR, Pavlovskiy OA, Larina EA. The method of closure of macular holes with a partial peeling of the internal limiting membrane: comparative analysis. Russian biomedical journal Medline.ru. 2019; 20: 187-200. (In Russ.)"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.25881\/BPNMSC.2018.64.37.021"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-016-3562-0"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2014-305966"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2018.12.004"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0200365"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2006.04.005"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(00)00575-4"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.47.12.1953"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.09-3582"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sdobnikova SV, Sdobnikova LE. Vitrectomy is the method of choice in the treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy combined with diffuse macular edema. Point of view. East-West. 2018; 2: 35-38. (In Russ.)","DOI":"10.25276\/2410-1257-2018-2-35-38"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/9246384"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10384-015-0390-4"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S150385"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000327597"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-012-1968-x"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/oftalma202614202186-48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bikbov MM, Fayzrakhmanov RR, Kalanov MR. Effect of peeling of the internal border membrane on the morphofunctional parameters of the retina in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (preliminary report). Vestnik oftal\u2019mologii. 2018;134(1):63-69. (In Russ.)","DOI":"10.17116\/oftalma2018134163-69"}],"container-title":["Russian Annals of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T15:39:08Z","timestamp":1777390748000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/mediasphera.ru\/issues\/vestnik-oftalmologii\/2026\/2\/10042465X2026021086"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]]}},"alternative-id":["10.17116\/oftalma202614202186"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17116\/oftalma202614202186","relation":{},"ISSN":["0042-465X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0042-465X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]]}}}