{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T17:09:34Z","timestamp":1757610574550,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Media Sphere Publishing House","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rus. J. Arch. Pathol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective. To evaluate the impact of combined anti-PD-1 immunotherapy on the cellular composition of the tumor microenvironment in patients with gastric cancer. Material and methods. The study included 9 patients with morphologically confirmed gastric adenocarcinoma (stages T2-4N0-1M0) and positive PD-L1 status (CPS &gt;1). All patients received 8 courses of preoperative chemotherapy according to the FLOT regimen, combined with additional immunotherapy using pembrolizumab (400 mg every 6 weeks). Changes in the tumor microenvironment were assessed using multicolor immunofluorescence followed by quantitative analysis of the proportions of CD8+ cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, CD20+ B-lymphocytes, CD163+ macrophages, and FoxP3+ regulatory T-cells. Results. A statistically significant increase in the number of CD8+ T-lymphocytes (from 3.18% to 6.23%, p=0.0391) and, in particular, their PD-1-expressing subpopulation (from 0.00% to 0.22%, p=0.0156) was observed, while the numbers of CD20+, CD163+, and FoxP3+ cells remained unchanged. As a result, the CD8+\/FoxP3+ cell ratio significantly increased during combined anti-PD-1 immunotherapy (from 0.69 to 3.22, p=0.0039). Additionally, associations were identified between immune parameters and clinicopathological characteristics, suggesting that gender and tumor stage may influence the immune response. Conclusion. The obtained data indicate a remodeling of the tumor microenvironment under the influence of anti-PD-1 therapy, which potentially enhances the antitumor immune response and opens prospects for further optimization of gastric cancer treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.17116\/patol20258704124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]],"date-time":"2025-09-03T15:08:56Z","timestamp":1756912136000},"page":"24","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The impact of combined immunotherapy on the cellular composition of the tumor microenvironment in patients with gastric carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.17116","volume":"87","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2061-8417","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L.A.","family":"Tashireva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Research Institute \u2014 Tomsk National Research Medical Center","place":["Tomsk, 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