{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T05:23:29Z","timestamp":1747200209496,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Media Sphere Publishing House","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Stomatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective. To establish the criteria for selecting surgical treatments for velopharyngeal disfunction and to evaluate their effectiveness. Materials and Methods. 34 patients with velopharyngeal insufficiency underwent surgery at the National Medical Research Center for Surgery and Maxillofacial Surgery. Five common surgical methods for treating velopharyngeal disfunction were employed. Results. The choice of surgery was primarily based on the anatomical and functional state of the muscle lifting the soft palate, specifically its position, which was determined visually or by MRI. Repositioning of the muscle helped to improve or restore speech in patients with velopharyngeal disfunction through surgeries such as secondary cleft revision, Furlow\u2019s palatoplasty, and triangular miomucosal flaps. In cases of soft palate palsy or correct positioning of the m. levator veli palatini, the focus of surgical treatment shifted to the pharynx, where surgeries like pharyngoplasty with a posterior pharyngeal flap and Hynes pharyngoplasties were performed. These also improved or restored speech in patients, though more towards improvement than complete restoration. If the muscle\u2019s position was optimal, the choice of treatment method subsequently depended on the results of additional nasopharyngoscopy: determining the size of the opening and the type of velopharyngeal closure. Besides the common methods used for speech management, various surgical procedures were combined based on the clinical situation. Conclusion. The position of the levator muscle is very important for its function. The optimal treatment for velopharyngeal disfunction, especially in patients with large openings, involved using a buccal flap alone or in combination with triangular mucosal-muscle flaps, where the highest percentage of normal speech rate was achieved.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.17116\/stomat202410304137","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]],"date-time":"2024-08-22T08:36:37Z","timestamp":1724315797000},"page":"37","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The choice of method of surgical treatment of velopharyngeal insufficiency"],"prefix":"10.17116","volume":"103","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9906-7325","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"V.A.","family":"Pavlovich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery","place":["Moscow, Russia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8270-8843","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"T.Z.","family":"Chkadua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery","place":["Moscow, Russia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1819-7273","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.I.","family":"Anelikov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery","place":["Moscow, Russia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"6743","reference":[{"key":"key-10.17116\/stomat202410304137-1","unstructured":"Ananyan SG, Vissarionov VA, Gun\u2019ko VI. 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(In Russ.)"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/stomat202410304137-9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ruda JM, Krakovitz P, Rose AS. A Review of the Evaluation and Management of Velopharyngeal Insufficiency in Children. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2012;45(3):653-669","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2012.03.005"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/stomat202410304137-10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coms.2015.12.004"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/stomat202410304137-11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oren L, Kummer A, Boyce S. Understanding nasal emission during speech production: a review of types, terminology, and causality. The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal. 2020;57(1):123-126","DOI":"10.1177\/1055665619858873"},{"key":"key-10.17116\/stomat202410304137-12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anstadt EE, et al. Tissue augmenting palatoplasty for the treatment of velopharyngeal insufficiency. 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