{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T16:32:42Z","timestamp":1785429162495,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Medical Association of Zenica-Doboj","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicinski Glasnik"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;ABSTRACT&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Context:&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Children with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) face elevated risks of systemic and ocular complications, potentially leading to blindness, particularly in developing countries where cases are rising.&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Aim&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; To investigate the association between neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and ocular manifestations in children with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection.&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Methods&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; This cross-sectional study involved 75 HIV-positive children aged 5&amp;amp;ndash;18 years at Yayasan Peduli Anak, Medan, Indonesia, from October to December 2023. Data were collected via interviews, comprehensive eye examinations (visual acuity, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, Schirmer test, indirect ophthalmoscopy), and recent NLR from medical records. Systemic cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection was assessed via CMV PCR. Sample size was calculated for correlation analysis (&amp;amp;alpha;=0.05, power=0.80, effect size=0.5).&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Results&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Of 75 participants (56% male, median age 11.64 years), 88% had normal immune status. Mean antiretroviral therapy (ARV) duration was 9.56 years. Common ocular complaints included blurry vision (24%), red\/itchy eyes (16%), and watery eyes (4%); no dry eye was reported. Anterior segment findings included conjunctivitis (6%), blepharitis (8%), and corneal scarring (4%); posterior segment findings included tigroid fundus\/nasalization (4%) and retinal detachment (2%). Mean NLR was 1.76 in those with ocular manifestations (p=0.024). CMV PCR positivity was significantly associated with blurry vision (OR=6.63; p=0.015), red eyes (OR=4.75; p=0.049), corneal scarring (OR=16.00; p=0.044), and nasalization (OR=16.00; p=0.044).&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Conclusion&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Elevated NLR was associated with ocular manifestations in pediatric HIV, particularly CMV-related complications. Regular eye screenings and ARV adherence are critical for early detection and prevention of vision-threatening conditions.&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Keywords&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt;: antiretroviral therapy, Cytomegalovirus, eye diseases, inflammation, pediatrics&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.17392\/1956-22-02","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T11:53:02Z","timestamp":1757591582000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Relationship between Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio and Ocular Manifestations in Children with Human Immunodeficiency Virus"],"prefix":"10.17392","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Fithria","family":"Aldy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01kknrc90","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"49509","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]]},"container-title":["Medicinski Glasnik"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/medicinskiglasnik.ba\/article\/2441\/pdf\/download","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/medicinskiglasnik.ba\/article\/2441\/pdf\/download","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T09:45:31Z","timestamp":1775468731000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/medicinskiglasnik.ba\/article\/id\/522\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17392\/1956-22-02","archive":["Internet Archive"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1840-2445","1840-0132"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1840-2445","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1840-0132","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]]}}}