{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T10:56:21Z","timestamp":1775472981531,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Medical Association of Zenica-Doboj","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medicinski Glasnik"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Aim&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; To investigate prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility, molecular characteristics, and genetic relationship of AmpC- and\/&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;or extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL)- producing Proteus spp. clinical isolates in Zenica-Doboj Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Methods&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Antibiotic susceptibility was determined by disc diffusion and broth microdilution methods according to CLSI guidelines. Double-disk synergy test was performed in order to screen for ESBLs, and combined disk test with phenylboronic acid to detect AmpC &amp;amp;beta; -lactamases. PCR was used to detect blaESBL\/blacarb genes. Genetic relatedness of the strains was determined by pulsed-fieldgel-electrophoresis (PFGE).&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Results&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Eleven ESBL-producing isolates were included in the study (six inpatients and five outpatients). Susceptibility rate to&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, imipenem and meropenem was 100%. Resistance rate to cefuroxime was 100%, gentamicine 90.9%, piperacillin\/tazobactam 81.8%, cefotaxim, ceftriaxone and ceftazidime 72.7%, cefoxitine and ciprofloxacine 63.6% and to cefepime 45.5%. In five (out of 11) isolates multi-drug resistance (MDR) to cephalosporins, cefamicines, amynocligosides and fluoroquinolones was detected. Besides TEM-1 which was detected in all isolates, CTX-M+OXA-1 &amp;amp;beta;-lactamases were detected in seven (out of 11; 63.6%) isolates (five blaCTX-M-1 and two blaCTX-M-15 genes),&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;and CMY-2 &amp;amp;beta;-lactamase in two isolates. PFGE showed no genetic relatedness.&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Conclusion&amp;lt;br \/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;\/strong&amp;gt; Because of high prevalence of MDR strains in epidemiologically unrelated patients with AmpC- and\/or ESBL producing Proteus spp. infection, further surveillance is needed. Molecular characterization and strain typing, or at least phenotypic test for AmpC\/ESBL production is important for appropriate therapy and the detection of sources and modes of spread, which is the main step in order to design targeted infection control strategies.&amp;lt;\/p&amp;gt;<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.17392\/853-16","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,15]],"date-time":"2024-04-15T12:51:43Z","timestamp":1713185503000},"page":"103-112","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibility of AmpC- and\/or extended-spectrum (ESBL) \u00df-lactamaseproducing Proteus spp. clinical isolates in Zenica-Doboj Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina"],"prefix":"10.17392","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Selma","family":"Uzunovi\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Public Health and Food Safety","place":["Zenica,Bosnia and Herzegovina"],"department":["Department for Laboratory Diagnostics"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amir","family":"Ibrahimagi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Public Health and Food Safety Zenica","place":["Zenica,Bosnia and Herzegovina"],"department":["Department for Laboratory Diagnostics"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Branka","family":"Bedeni\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, University of Zagreb","place":["Zagreb,Croatia"]},{"name":"University Hospital Center Zagreb","place":["Zagreb,Croatia"],"department":["Clinical Department of Clinical and Molecular Microbiology"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"49509","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"327","article-title":"Detection and PFGE analysis of ESBL-producing isolates of Proteus species isolated from patients at Tehran hospitals","author":"MMalekjamshidiM","year":"2010","unstructured":"Malekjamshidi MR, Shahcheraghi F, Feizabadi MM. \nDetection and PFGE analysis of ESBL-producing \nisolates of Proteus species isolated from patients at \nTehran hospitals. 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Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2016 [Epub \nahead of print].","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"ref42","first-page":"3","article-title":"Molekularna epidemiologija i antimikrobna osjetljivost klini\u010dkih izolata Proteus spp. koji produciraju AmpC-i\/ili beta-laktamaza pro\u0161irenog spektra djelovanja u Zeni\u010dko-Dobojskom kantonu","unstructured":"Molekularna epidemiologija i antimikrobna osjetljivost klini\u010dkih \nizolata Proteus spp. koji produciraju AmpC-i\/ili beta-laktamaza \npro\u0161irenog spektra djelovanja u Zeni\u010dko-Dobojskom kantonu, \nBosna i Hercegovina \nSelma Uzunovi\u0107 1 , Amir Ibrahimagi\u0107 1 , Branka Bedeni\u0107 2,3","journal-title":"Bosna i Hercegovina Selma Uzunovi\u0107 1 , Amir Ibrahimagi\u0107"},{"key":"ref43","article-title":"Institut za zdravlje i sigurnost hrane Zenica, 2 Medicinski fakultet, Sveu\u010dili\u0161te u Zagrebu, 3 Klini\u010dki zavod za klini\u010dku i molekularnu mikrobiologiju, Klini\u010dki bolni\u010dki centar Zagreb, Zagreb, Hrvatska SA\u017dETAK Cilj Istra\u017eiti prevalenciju, molekularne karakteristike i klonsku pripadnost klini\u010dkih izolata Proteus spp. koji produciraju AmpC-i(li) beta (\u03b2)-laktamaze pro\u0161irenog spektra (ESBL)","unstructured":"1 Slu\u017eba za Laboratorijsku dijagnostiku, Institut za zdravlje i sigurnost hrane Zenica, 2 Medicinski fakultet, Sveu\u010dili\u0161te u Zagrebu, 3 Klini\u010dki \nzavod za klini\u010dku i molekularnu mikrobiologiju, Klini\u010dki bolni\u010dki centar Zagreb, Zagreb, Hrvatska \nSA\u017dETAK \nCilj Istra\u017eiti prevalenciju, molekularne karakteristike i klonsku pripadnost klini\u010dkih izolata Proteus spp. \nkoji produciraju AmpC-i(li) beta (\u03b2)-laktamaze pro\u0161irenog spektra (ESBL), te njihovu antimikrobnu \nosjetljivost u Zeni\u010dko-dobojskom kantonu u Bosni i Hercegovini."},{"key":"ref44","article-title":"Za potvrdu lu\u010denja ESBL-a i AmpC-a kori\u0161ten je PCR. Klonska pripadnost izolata ispitivana je uz pomo\u0107 elektroforeze u pulsiraju\u0107em polju (PFGE)","unstructured":"Metode Za odre\u0111ivanje antimikrobne osjetljivosti kori\u0161tena je disk-difuzijska i mikrodilucijska me-\ntoda prema CLSI-standardima, a za detekciju ESBL-a dvostruki disk-sinergisti\u010dki test i kombinirani \ndisk-test s fenil-boroni\u010dnom kiselinom za detekciju AmpC \u03b2-laktamaza. Za potvrdu lu\u010denja ESBL-a i \nAmpC-a kori\u0161ten je PCR. Klonska pripadnost izolata ispitivana je uz pomo\u0107 elektroforeze u pulsiraju-\n\u0107em polju (PFGE)."},{"issue":"7","key":"ref45","article-title":"AmpC-i(li) ESBL-produciraju\u0107ih Proteus spp. izolata. Svi izolati su pokazali 100% osjetljivost na amoksicilin\/klavulansku kiselinu, imipenem i meropenem. Rezistencija na cefuroksim zabilje\u017eena je u 100%, na gentamicin 90,9%, piperacilin\/tazobaktam 81,8%, cefotaksim, ceftriakson i ceftazidim 72,7%, cefoksitin i ciprofloksacin 63,6% i na cefepim u 45,5% slu\u010dajeva. TEM-1 \u03b2-laktamaza detektirana je kod svih izolata","unstructured":"Rezultati U analizu je uklju\u010deno 11 (6 bolni\u010dkih i 5 vanbolni\u010dkih) AmpC-i(li) ESBL-produciraju\u0107ih \nProteus spp. izolata. Svi izolati su pokazali 100% osjetljivost na amoksicilin\/klavulansku kiselinu, imi-\npenem i meropenem. Rezistencija na cefuroksim zabilje\u017eena je u 100%, na gentamicin 90,9%, pipera-\ncilin\/tazobaktam 81,8%, cefotaksim, ceftriakson i ceftazidim 72,7%, cefoksitin i ciprofloksacin 63,6% \ni na cefepim u 45,5% slu\u010dajeva. TEM-1 \u03b2-laktamaza detektirana je kod svih izolata, a kod 7 (od 11;"},{"key":"ref46","article-title":"6%) izolata dodatno iCTX-M (pet CTX-M-1 i dvije CTX-M-15) i OXA-1 \u03b2-laktamaze. Dva izolata su producirala CMY-2 \u03b2-laktamazu, dok SHV beta-laktamaze nisu zabilje\u017eene. Nije zabilje\u017eena klonska pripadnost. Zaklju\u010dak Molekularna karakterizacija i tipizacija, te fenotipski testovi za detekciju AmpC i ESBLproduciraju\u0107ih Proteus spp. izolata, kao i drugih gram-negativnih bakterija, va\u017eni su koraci u dizajniranju i primjeni terapije, u detekciji izvora i \u0161irenju izolata, kao i za pripremu strategije u spre\u010davanju \u0161irenja ovih infekcija","unstructured":"6%) izolata dodatno iCTX-M (pet CTX-M-1 i dvije CTX-M-15) i OXA-1 \u03b2-laktamaze. Dva izolata \nsu producirala CMY-2 \u03b2-laktamazu, dok SHV beta-laktamaze nisu zabilje\u017eene. Nije zabilje\u017eena klon-\nska pripadnost. \nZaklju\u010dak Molekularna karakterizacija i tipizacija, te fenotipski testovi za detekciju AmpC i ESBL-\nproduciraju\u0107ih Proteus spp. izolata, kao i drugih gram-negativnih bakterija, va\u017eni su koraci u dizajni-\nranju i primjeni terapije, u detekciji izvora i \u0161irenju izolata, kao i za pripremu strategije u spre\u010davanju \n\u0161irenja ovih infekcija. \nKlju\u010dne rije\u010di: ESBL, CMY-2, antimikrobna otpornost"}],"container-title":["Medicinski Glasnik"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/medicinskiglasnik.ba\/article\/6\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/medicinskiglasnik.ba\/article\/6\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T09:43:29Z","timestamp":1775468609000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/medicinskiglasnik.ba\/article\/id\/39\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,30]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,30]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17392\/853-16","archive":["Internet Archive"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1840-0132","1840-0132"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1840-0132","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1840-0132","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,30]]}}}