{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T05:30:45Z","timestamp":1747200645174,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Universidad de Antioquia","issue":"99","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,29]],"date-time":"2020-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590710400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["revistas.udea.edu.co"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["redin"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Very small-scale hydropower plants are environmentally friendly and renewable resource-based innovative solutions. The interest in pico-hydro systems (up to 5 kW) has increased significantly from the first stand-alone applications, at remote sites, to the distributed generation, with the injection of generated energy into the grid. Recently, there have been advances in the grid connection of these systems using off-the-shelf components, namely photovoltaic inverters. Therefore, pico-hydro systems have gained an enormous potential in distributed generation, particularly in the context of microgrids. However, in situations of over-power, or whenever the generator is under no load, e.g. when the grid fails, there is a need for effective over-voltage protection, as in small wind turbines. This paper proposes two over-voltage protection circuits, designed to ensure the integration of pico-hydro turbines connected to the grid using conventional photovoltaic microinverters and string inverters, for power ranges of 300 W and some kW, respectively. Extensive tests were performed on an emulation platform and a workbench using these two different over-voltage protection circuits. One is designed to connect the generators of water wheels to the grid and the other to connect 1,500 W generators of water turbines. The experimental results demonstrated the performance of theproposed over-voltage protection circuits in four different situations. Both avoid irreversible damages of generators, photovoltaic microinverters and string inverters in the context of the above-described grid connection approach.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.17533\/udea.redin.20200581","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]],"date-time":"2020-06-01T18:05:36Z","timestamp":1591034736000},"page":"73-82","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17533\/udea.crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Overvoltage protection for grid-connected picohydro generation using photovoltaic inverters"],"prefix":"10.17533","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7401-0979","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabella Cristina","family":"Scotta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5361-3850","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wellington Maidana","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8790-519X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Am\u00e9rico Vicente","family":"Leite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"7132","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"393501","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"N. 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Maidana and et al, \u201cDesign of a elf-sustainable system based on renewable energy sources for a small museum of science dissemination - the house of silks,\u201d in III Congresso Ibero-Americano de Empreendedorismo, Energia, Meio Ambiente e Tecnologia, Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal, 2017."},{"key":"393505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. Lahimer and et al, \u201cResearch and development aspects of pico-hydro power,\u201d Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 16, no. 8, October 2012. [Online]. Available: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rser.2012.05.001","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2012.05.001"},{"key":"393506","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. Hatata, M. El-Saadawi, and S. Saad, \u201cA feasibility study of small hydro power for selected locations in Egypt,\u201d Energy Strategy Reviews, vol. 24, April 2019. [Online]. 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Batista, \u201cA practical approach for grid-connected pico-hydro systems using conventional photovoltaic inverters,\u201d in 2016 IEEE International Energy Conference (ENERGYCON), Leuven, Belgium, 2016, pp. 1\u20136.","DOI":"10.1109\/ENERGYCON.2016.7513911"},{"key":"393510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"V. Leite, \u00c2. Ferreira, J. Couto, and J. Batista, \u201cCompatibility analysis of grid-connected pico-hydro systems using conventional photovoltaic inverters,\u201d in 2016 18th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE\u201916 ECCE Europe), Karlsruhe, Germany, 2016, pp. 1\u20139.","DOI":"10.1109\/EPE.2016.7695615"},{"key":"393511","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"I. C. Scotta, G. M. Ribeiro, W. Maidana, and V. Leite, \u201cOver-voltage protection for Pico-Hydro generation using PV microinverters,\u201d in Ibero-American Congress on Information Management and Big Data (ICSC-CITIES 2019), 2019, pp. 25\u201337.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-38889-8_3"},{"key":"393512","unstructured":"I. Dalmarco, P. Araujo, V. Leite, L. Queijo, and L. Lima, \u201cPrototyping a horizontal water wheel for electricity generation in a small museum: The house of silk,\u201d in I Ibero-American Congress of Smart Cities (ICSC-CITIES 2018), Soria, Spain, 2018, pp. 809\u2013814."},{"key":"393513","unstructured":"Data Sheet: BeON 1 Microinverter, BeOn Energy Ltd., Ponde de Sor, Portugal, Mar. 2019. [Online]. Available: https:\/\/bit.ly\/2XvIZBN"},{"key":"393514","unstructured":"GWL Global World Logistic. (2019) Micro-inverters technical details and specifications. [GWL Global World Logistic]. Accessed Jun. 2019. [Online]. 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