{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T17:51:27Z","timestamp":1761155487637},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]]},"DOI":"10.1783\/147118908783332078","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,31]],"date-time":"2011-03-31T17:32:09Z","timestamp":1301592729000},"page":"21-25","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Cervical screening: why young women should be encouraged to be screened"],"prefix":"10.1783","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Herbert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Holdsworth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. A.","family":"Kubba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-04-0569","article-title":"Trends in cervical squamous cell carcinoma incidence in 13 European countries: changing risk and effects of screening","volume":"14","author":"Bray, F.; Loos, A.H.; McCarron, P.; Weiderpass, E.; Arbyn, M.; M\u00f8ller, H.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bray F, Loos AH, McCarron P, Weiderpass E, Arbyn M, M\u00f8ller H, et al. Trends in cervical squamous cell carcinoma incidence in 13 European countries: changing risk and effects of screening. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2005; 14: 677\u2013686.","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16674-9","article-title":"The cervical cancer epidemic that screening has prevented in the UK","volume":"364","author":"Peto, J.; Gilham, C.; Fletcher, O.; Matthews, F.E.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Peto J, Gilham C, Fletcher O, Matthews FE. The cervical cancer epidemic that screening has prevented in the UK. Lancet 2004; 364: 249\u2013256.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_3","article-title":"National Health Service Cervical Screening Programme (NHSCSP)","author":"[17 November 2007].","unstructured":"National Health Service Cervical Screening Programme (NHSCSP). http:\/\/www.cancerscreening.nhs.uk\/cervical\/index.html#eligible [Accessed 17 November 2007]."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6600974","article-title":"Benefit of cervical screening at different ages: evidence from the UK audit of screening histories","volume":"89","author":"Sasieni, P.; Adams, J.; Cuzick, J.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Sasieni P, Adams J, Cuzick J. Benefit of cervical screening at different ages: evidence from the UK audit of screening histories. Br J Cancer 2003; 89: 88\u201393.","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"239","article-title":"International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Uses of screening for cervical cancer (Chapter 3); Recommendations for public health implementation and further research","volume":"10","author":"IARC Press,","year":"2005","unstructured":"International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Uses of screening for cervical cancer (Chapter 3); Recommendations for public health implementation and further research (Chapter 8). Cervix Cancer Screening (IARC Handbooks of Cancer Prevention, Vol. 10). Lyon, France: IARC Press, 2005. 2005; 117\u2013162; 239\u2013241.","journal-title":"Prevention; Cervix Cancer Screening (IARC Handbooks of Cancer"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1258\/096914106777589551","article-title":"Cervical screening in 20\u201324-year olds","volume":"13","author":"Rieck, G.C.; Tristram, A.; Hauke, A.; Fielder, H.; Fiander, A.N.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Rieck GC, Tristram A, Hauke A, Fielder H, Fiander AN. Cervical screening in 20\u201324-year olds. J Med Screen 2006; 13: 64\u201371.","journal-title":"J Med Screen"},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"273","article-title":"Women under 25 should be offered screening","volume":"334","author":"Herbert, A.; Smith, J.H.F.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Herbert A, Smith JHF. Women under 25 should be offered screening [Letter]. BMJ 2007; 334: 273.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1080\/01443610701612532","article-title":"Cervical cancer in women aged less than 25: East Kent experience","volume":"27","author":"Nair, M.S.; Bhandari, H.M.; Nordin, A.J.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Nair MS, Bhandari HM, Nordin AJ. Cervical cancer in women aged less than 25: East Kent experience. J Obstet Gynaecol 2007; 27: 706\u2013708.","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"ref_9","article-title":"The Information Centre (part of the Government Statistical Service). Cervical Screening Programme England 2005-06","author":"[15 November 2007].","unstructured":"The Information Centre (part of the Government Statistical Service). Cervical Screening Programme England 2005-06. http:\/\/www.cancerscreening.nhs.uk\/cervical\/cervical-statisticsbulletin-2005-06.pdf [Accessed 15 November 2007]."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2006.11.017","article-title":"Is it rational to start populationbased cervical cancer screening at or soon after age 20? Analysis of time trends in preinvasive and invasive disease","volume":"43","author":"Sigurdsson, K.; Sigvaldason, H.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sigurdsson K, Sigvaldason H. Is it rational to start populationbased cervical cancer screening at or soon after age 20? Analysis of time trends in preinvasive and invasive disease. Eur J Cancer 2007; 43: 769\u2013774.","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"ref_11","article-title":"National Health Service Cervical Screening Programme (NHSCSP). Audit of Invasive Cervical Cancers","author":"[15 November 2007].","unstructured":"National Health Service Cervical Screening Programme (NHSCSP). Audit of Invasive Cervical Cancers. http:\/\/www.cancerscreening.nhs.uk\/cervical\/publications\/nhscs p28.pdf [Accessed 15 November 2007]."},{"key":"ref_12","author":"[15 November 2007].","unstructured":"Office for National Statistics. http:\/\/www.statistics.gov.uk\/ StatBase\/Product.asp?vlnk=8843 [Accessed 15 November 2007]."},{"key":"ref_13","article-title":"Methods for screening and diagnosis","volume-title":"European Guidelines for Quality Assurance in Cervical Cancer Screening","author":"Arbyn, M.; Dillner, J.; Schenck, U.; Nieminen, P.; Weiderpass, E.; Baldauf, J.-J.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Arbyn M, Dillner J, Schenck U, Nieminen P, Weiderpass E, Baldauf J-J, et al. Methods for screening and diagnosis (Chapter 3). In: Arbyn M, Anttila A, Jordan J, Ronco G, Schenck U, Segnan N, et al. (eds), European Guidelines for Quality Assurance in Cervical Cancer Screening (2nd edn). Luxembourg, Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2007.","edition":"2nd edn"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1843","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)06885-4","article-title":"Sexual behaviour in Britain: early heterosexual experience","volume":"358","author":"W, McManus S.; B, Erens; CH, Mercer","year":"2001","unstructured":"Wellings K, Nanchahal K, Macdowall W, McManus S, Erens B, Mercer CH, et al. Sexual behaviour in Britain: early heterosexual experience. Lancet 2001; 358: 1843\u20131850.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_15","article-title":"The Information Centre (part of the Government Statistical Service). Cervical Screening Programme England 2006-07","author":"[15 November 2007].","unstructured":"The Information Centre (part of the Government Statistical Service). Cervical Screening Programme England 2006-07. http:\/\/www.ic.nhs.uk\/webfiles\/publications\/cervicscrneng2007\/ Cervical%20screening%2006-07.pdf [Accessed 15 November 2007]."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1992.tb13825.x","article-title":"CIN3: the role of lesion size in invasion","volume":"99","author":"Tidbury, P.; Singer, A.; Jenkins, D.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Tidbury P, Singer A, Jenkins D. CIN3: the role of lesion size in invasion. B J Obstet Gynaecol 1992; 99: 583\u2013586.","journal-title":"B J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"114","article-title":"JA (eds), Handbook of Colposcopy","author":"Leusley, D.M.; Shafi, M.I.; Jordan","year":"2002","unstructured":"Leusley DM, Shafi MI, Jordan JA (eds), Handbook of Colposcopy. London, UK: Arnold, 2002; 114\u2013118."},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"143","article-title":"The management of early invasion and adenocarcinoma-in-situ (Chapter 18)","volume-title":"Colposcopy Management Options","author":"Eaton, L.; Fowler, J.M.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Eaton L, Fowler JM. The management of early invasion and adenocarcinoma-in-situ (Chapter 18). In: Prendiville W, Rittor J, Tatti S, Twiggs L (eds), Colposcopy Management Options. London, UK: W B Saunders, 2003; 143\u2013147."},{"key":"ref_19","first-page":"17","article-title":"Cervical human papillomavirus infection and intraepithelial neoplasia: a review","volume":"21","author":"Mitchell, M.F.; Tortolero-Luna, G.; Wright, T.; Sarkar, A.; RichardsKortum, R.; Hong, W.K.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Mitchell MF, Tortolero-Luna G, Wright T, Sarkar A, RichardsKortum R, Hong WK. Cervical human papillomavirus infection and intraepithelial neoplasia: a review. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 1996; 21: 17\u201325.","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr"},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"1","article-title":"A cohort study of cervical cancer screening in British Columbia","volume":"5","author":"Boyes, D.A.; Morrison, B.; Knox, E.G.; Draper, G.J.; Miller, A.B.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Boyes DA, Morrison B, Knox EG, Draper GJ, Miller AB. A cohort study of cervical cancer screening in British Columbia. Clin Invest Med 1982; 5: 1\u201329.","journal-title":"Clin Invest Med"},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"451","article-title":"The invasive potential of carcinoma in situ of the cervix","volume":"64","year":"1984","unstructured":"McIndoe WA, McLean MR, Jones RW, Mullins PR. The invasive potential of carcinoma in situ of the cervix. Obstet Gynecol 1984; 64: 451\u201358.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref_22","article-title":"The Report of the Committee of Inquiry into Allegations Concerning the Treatment of Cervical Cancer at National Women\u2019s Hospital and Into Other Related Matters","author":"Cartwright, SR","year":"1988","unstructured":"Cartwright SR. The Report of the Committee of Inquiry into Allegations Concerning the Treatment of Cervical Cancer at National Women\u2019s Hospital and Into Other Related Matters. Auckland, New Zealand: Government Printing Office, 1988."},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"161","article-title":"Reasons that some screening programmes fail to control cervical cancer","volume":"76","author":"Chamberlain, J.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Chamberlain J. Reasons that some screening programmes fail to control cervical cancer. In: Hakama M, Miller AB, Day NE (eds), Screening for Cancer of the Uterine Cervix (IARC Scientific Publications No. 76). Lyons, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer, 1986; 161\u2013168.","journal-title":"Scientific Publications; Screening for Cancer of the Uterine Cervix (IARC"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.85.6.791","article-title":"The screening histories of women with invasive cervical cancer, Connecticut","volume":"85","author":"Janerich, D.T.; Hadjimichael, O.; Schwartz, P.E.; Lowell, D.M.; Meigs, J.W.; Merino, M.J.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Janerich DT, Hadjimichael O, Schwartz PE, Lowell DM, Meigs JW, Merino MJ, et al. The screening histories of women with invasive cervical cancer, Connecticut. Am J Public Health 1995; 85: 791\u2013794.","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(96)70013-3","article-title":"Cytopathology of false negatives preceding cervical carcinoma","volume":"175","author":"DeMay, R.M.","year":"1996","unstructured":"DeMay RM. Cytopathology of false negatives preceding cervical carcinoma. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1996; 175: 1110\u20131113.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2005.00537.x","article-title":"Does regular cervical screening protect women from microinvasive squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix? A retrospective case-control study","volume":"112","author":"Sykes, P.H.; Reddy, J.; Peddie, D.J.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sykes PH, Reddy J, Peddie DJ. Does regular cervical screening protect women from microinvasive squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix? A retrospective case-control study. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 2005; 112: 807\u2013809.","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2303.1999.00169.x","article-title":"Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade III (CIN III) and invasive cervical carcinoma: the yawning gap and the treatment of risk","volume":"10","author":"Herbert, A.; Smith, J.A.E.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Herbert A, Smith JAE. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade III (CIN III) and invasive cervical carcinoma: the yawning gap and the treatment of risk. Cytopathology 1999; 10: 161\u2013170.","journal-title":"Cytopathology"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2006.05.113","article-title":"Chapter 7: Achievements and limitations of cervical cytology screening","volume":"24","author":"Kitchener, H.C.; Castle, P.E.; Cox, J.T.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kitchener HC, Castle PE, Cox JT. Chapter 7: Achievements and limitations of cervical cytology screening. Vaccine 2006; 24(Suppl. 3): S63\u2013S70.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2303.2001.00288.x","article-title":"Adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix compared with squamous cell carcinoma: a 12-year study in Southampton and South-west Hampshire","volume":"12","author":"Herbert, A.; Singh, N.; Smith, J.A.E.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Herbert A, Singh N, Smith JAE. Adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix compared with squamous cell carcinoma: a 12-year study in Southampton and South-west Hampshire. Cytopathology 2001; 12: 26\u201336.","journal-title":"Cytopathology"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-8258(91)90229-X","article-title":"Presentation of cervical cancer","volume":"42","author":"Pretorius, R.; Semrad, N.; Watring, W.; Fotheringham, N.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Pretorius R, Semrad N, Watring W, Fotheringham N. Presentation of cervical cancer. Gynecol Oncol 1991; 42: 48\u201353.","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"ref_31","first-page":"64","article-title":"Screening as a prognostic factor in cervical cancer: analysis of survival and prognostic factors based on Icelandic population data 1964\u20131988","volume":"43","author":"Sigurdsson, K.; Hrafnkelsson, J.; Geirsson, G.; Gudmundsson, J.; Salvarsdottir, A.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Sigurdsson K, Hrafnkelsson J, Geirsson G, Gudmundsson J, Salvarsdottir A. Screening as a prognostic factor in cervical cancer: analysis of survival and prognostic factors based on Icelandic population data 1964\u20131988. Gynecol Obstet 1991; 43: 64\u201370.","journal-title":"Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2006.05.044","article-title":"Fertility-sparing radical abdominal trachelectomy for cervical carcinoma: technique and review of the literature","volume":"103","author":"Abu-Rustum, N.R.; Sonoda, Y.; Black, D.; Levine, D.A.; Chi, D.S.; Barakat, R.R.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Abu-Rustum NR, Sonoda Y, Black D, Levine DA, Chi DS, Barakat RR. Fertility-sparing radical abdominal trachelectomy for cervical carcinoma: technique and review of the literature. Gynecol Oncol 2006; 103: 807\u2013813.","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0215(19980209)75:4<536::AID-IJC8>3.0.CO;2-U","article-title":"International trends in the incidence of cervical cancer 1. Adenocarcinoma and adenosquamous carcinoma","volume":"75","author":"Vizcaino, A.P.; Moreno, V.; Bosch, F.X.; Munoz, N.; Barros-Dios, X.M.; Parkin, D.M.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Vizcaino AP, Moreno V, Bosch FX, Munoz N, Barros-Dios XM, Parkin DM. International trends in the incidence of cervical cancer 1. Adenocarcinoma and adenosquamous carcinoma. Int J Cancer 1998; 75: 536\u2013545.","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"ref_34","first-page":"489","article-title":"Obstetric outcomes after conservative treatment for intraepithelial or early invasive cervical lesions: systematic","volume":"367","author":"Kyrgiou, M.; Koliopoulos, G.; Martin-Hirsch, P.; Arbyn, M.; Prendiville, W.; Paraskevaidis, W.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kyrgiou M, Koliopoulos G, Martin-Hirsch P, Arbyn M, Prendiville W, Paraskevaidis W. Obstetric outcomes after conservative treatment for intraepithelial or early invasive cervical lesions: systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet 2006; 367: 489\u2013498.","journal-title":"review and meta-analysis. Lancet"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2006.01107.x","article-title":"Precancerous changes in the cervix and risk of pre-term birth","volume":"114","author":"Bruinsma, F.; Lumley, J.; Tan, J.; Quinn, M.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bruinsma F, Lumley J, Tan J, Quinn M. Precancerous changes in the cervix and risk of pre-term birth. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 2007; 114: 70\u201380.","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2100","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.291.17.2100","article-title":"Treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and risk of preterm delivery","volume":"291","author":"Sadler, L.; Saftlas, A.; Wang, W.; Exeter, M.; Whittaker, J.; McCowan, L.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sadler L, Saftlas A, Wang W, Exeter M, Whittaker J, McCowan L. Treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and risk of preterm delivery. JAMA 2004; 291: 2100\u20132106.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)91417-8","article-title":"The effect of smoking cessation on cervical lesion size","volume":"347","author":"Szarewski, A.; Jarvis, M.J.; Sasieni, P.; Anderson, M.; Edwards, R.; Steele, S.J.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Szarewski A, Jarvis MJ, Sasieni P, Anderson M, Edwards R, Steele SJ, et al. The effect of smoking cessation on cervical lesion size. Lancet 1996; 347: 941\u2013943.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8788","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-04-2402","article-title":"Folate is associated with the natural history of high-risk human papillomaviruses","volume":"64","author":"Piyathilake, C.J.; Henao, O.L.; Macaluso, M.; Cornwell, P.E.; Meleth, S.; Heimburger, D.C.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Piyathilake CJ, Henao OL, Macaluso M, Cornwell PE, Meleth S, Heimburger DC, et al. Folate is associated with the natural history of high-risk human papillomaviruses. Cancer Res 2004; 64: 8788\u20138793.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.11474","article-title":"Condom use promotes regression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and clearance of human papillomavirus: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"107","author":"Hogewoning, C.J.A.; Bleeker, M.C.G.; van den Brule, A.J.C.; Voorhorst, F.J.; Snijders, P.J.F.; Berkhof, J.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hogewoning CJA, Bleeker MCG, van den Brule AJC, Voorhorst FJ, Snijders PJF, Berkhof J, et al. Condom use promotes regression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and clearance of human papillomavirus: a randomized clinical trial. Int J Cancer 2003; 107: 811\u2013816.","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"}],"container-title":["Journal of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1783\/147118908783332078","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,9]],"date-time":"2019-02-09T18:39:27Z","timestamp":1549737567000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/jfprhc.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1783\/147118908783332078"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1783\/147118908783332078","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-1893","2045-2098"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-1893","type":"print"},{"value":"2045-2098","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]]}}}