{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T08:21:06Z","timestamp":1778574066120,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,19]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background and methodology<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Combined oral contraceptives (COCs) provide reliable and convenient contraception, although contraindications and tolerability issues may limit their use in some women. Progestogen-only pills (POPs) may be more suitable for some women, however, traditional POPs do not have the same contraceptive efficacy as COCs. A literature search was performed in order to assess the incidence of ovulation with available COCs, traditional POPs and with a desogestrel POP [Cerazette<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>, 75 \u03bcg desogestrel (DSG)]. The following databases were searched: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Biosis, Derwent Drug File, Current Contents and the in-house Organon database \u2018Docs\u2019 (which contains all published reports of Organon products). Searches used free-text terms [e.g. Contraceptive$ in combination with (Ovulat$ adj Rate$), (Ovar$ adj Activ$) or (Escap$ adj Ovulat$)] and were limited to the search criteria \u2018Human\u2019 and \u2018from 1979 onwards\u2019. The searches included publications up to July 2008.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Many of the studies were hampered by inadequate ovulation criteria; however, the overall incidence of ovulation determined by the reports uncovered in the literature search was 2.0% [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1\u20133.3] with COCs containing 30\u201335 \u03bcg ethinylestradiol (EE), 1.1% (95% CI 0.60\u20132.0) with 15\u201320 \u03bcg EE COCs, 4.6% (95% CI 2.8\u20136.9) with phasic COCs, 1.25% (95% CI 0.03-6.8) with Cerazette and 42.6% (95% CI 33.4\u201352.2) with traditional POPs.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The findings indicate that COCs and the desogestrel POP are equally effective in suppressing ovulation, whilst the traditional POP formulations are less effective.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1783\/147118908786000451","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,9]],"date-time":"2008-10-09T20:55:04Z","timestamp":1223585704000},"page":"237-246","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Ovulation incidence with oral contraceptives: a literature review"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Ian","family":"Milsom","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tjeerd","family":"Korver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.2307\/2135608","article-title":"Trends in use of oral contraceptives. 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Am J Obstet Gynecol 1998; 179: 41\u201346.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"299","article-title":"The influence of the dose of ethinylestradiol in oral contraceptives on follicle growth","volume-title":"Gynecol Endocrinol","volume":"9","author":"Teichmann, A.T.; Brill, K.; Albring, M.; Schnitker, J.; Wojtynek, P.; Kustra, E.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Teichmann AT, Brill K, Albring M, Schnitker J, Wojtynek P, Kustra E. The influence of the dose of ethinylestradiol in oral contraceptives on follicle growth. Gynecol Endocrinol 1995; 9: 299\u2013305."},{"key":"ref_25","first-page":"10","article-title":"Inhibition of ovulation by a low-dose contraceptive containing gestodene","volume":"34","author":"Thomas, K.; Vankrieken, L.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Thomas K, Vankrieken L. Inhibition of ovulation by a low-dose contraceptive containing gestodene. 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