{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T18:51:44Z","timestamp":1757616704662,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The prevalence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is increased in HIV infection. The UK National Health Service Cervical Screening Programme (NHSCSP) guidelines therefore provide specific recommendations for HIV-positive women. An audit of cervical surveillance in HIV-positive women who attend the genitourinary medicine (GUM) department at the Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, UK was conducted. The objectives were to assess adherence to UK and local screening guidelines, prevalence of cervical pathology and appropriate referral for colposcopy.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A retrospective case note review of 130 HIV-infected women attending the GUM department between January 2000 and December 2005 was undertaken.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Results showed that 76.2% of patients had cervical cytology within a year of HIV diagnosis and 42.4% of patients had abnormal cytology. All patients with dyskaryosis were referred for colposcopy according to local and national guidelines. Cytology results were consistent with histological findings and the prevalence of CIN was 15.2%. CD4 counts at presentation were significantly lower in those with dyskaryosis compared with those without dyskaryosis (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.038). Twenty-two patients were lost to follow-up after initial cytology.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Discussion and conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A designated health advisor in the GUM department co-ordinates cervical surveillance in HIV-positive women. This, together with an increasingly integrated service with family planning services, may contribute to relatively successful surveillance. Overall, patients are carefully monitored to ensure that surveillance is adequate. Extra vigilance is, however, required and further cost-effective measures in future may include more active involvement of general practitioners.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1783\/147118909787931735","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,6]],"date-time":"2009-04-06T19:14:01Z","timestamp":1239045241000},"page":"101-103","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Cervical surveillance in HIV-positive women: a genitourinary medicine clinic experience"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Fatima W","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriel","family":"Schembri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jyoti","family":"Dhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huda","family":"Taha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sati","family":"Ariyanayagam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199809000-00013","article-title":"Comparative prevalence, incidence and short-term prognosis of cervical squamous intra-epithelial lesions among HIV-positive and HIV-negative women","volume":"12","author":"Six, C.; Heard, I.; Bergeron, C.; Orth, G.; Poveda, J.D.; Zagury, P.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Six C, Heard I, Bergeron C, Orth G, Poveda JD, Zagury P, et al. Comparative prevalence, incidence and short-term prognosis of cervical squamous intra-epithelial lesions among HIV-positive and HIV-negative women. AIDS 1998; 12: 1047\u20131056.","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1097\/00001622-200309000-00007","article-title":"Cervical human papillomavirus infection and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in women positive for human immunodeficiency virus in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy","volume":"15","author":"Palefsky, J.M.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Palefsky JM. Cervical human papillomavirus infection and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in women positive for human immunodeficiency virus in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Curr Opin Oncol 2003; 15: 382\u2013388.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Oncol"},{"key":"ref_3","article-title":"Colposcopy and Programme Management: Guidelines for the NHS Cervical Screening Programme (NHSCSP Publication No","author":"[26 June 2008].","year":"2004","unstructured":"Colposcopy and Programme Management: Guidelines for the NHS Cervical Screening Programme (NHSCSP Publication No. 20). April 2004. http:\/\/www.cancerscreening.nhs.uk\/cervical\/publications\/nhscsp20.pdf [Accessed 26 June 2008]."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1258\/0956462991913321","article-title":"Audit of cervical screening and colposcopy in HIV positive women at a central London Teaching Hospital","volume":"10","author":"Vonau, B.U.; Boag, F.; Barton, S.E.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Vonau BU, Boag F, Barton SE. Audit of cervical screening and colposcopy in HIV positive women at a central London Teaching Hospital. Int J STD AIDS 1999; 10: 755\u2013758.","journal-title":"Int J STD AIDS"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1258\/095646207779949727","article-title":"Audit of cervical cytology in HIV positive women","volume":"18","author":"Morris, E.J.; Bates, S.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Morris EJ, Bates S. Audit of cervical cytology in HIV positive women. Int J STD AIDS 2007; 18: 126\u2013127.","journal-title":"Int J STD AIDS"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1258\/095646207781024766","article-title":"Sexual and reproductive health in HIV-positive women: a dedicated clinic improves service","volume":"18","author":"Coyne, K.M.; Hawkins, F.; Desmond, N.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Coyne KM, Hawkins F, Desmond N. Sexual and reproductive health in HIV-positive women: a dedicated clinic improves service. Int J STD AIDS 2007; 18: 420\u2013421.","journal-title":"Int J STD AIDS"},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"1509","article-title":"Screening for cervical cancer: a review of women\u2019s attitudes, knowledge and behaviour","volume":"48","author":"Fylan, F.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Fylan F. Screening for cervical cancer: a review of women\u2019s attitudes, knowledge and behaviour. Br J Gen Pract 1998; 48: 1509\u20131514.","journal-title":"Br J Gen Pract"},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"42","article-title":"Evaluation of a pilot study for breast and cervical cancer screening with Bradford\u2019s minority ethnic women; a community development approach 1991\u20131993","volume":"XXIX):","author":"Kernohan, E.E.M.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Kernohan EEM. Evaluation of a pilot study for breast and cervical cancer screening with Bradford\u2019s minority ethnic women; a community development approach 1991\u20131993. Br J Cancer 1996; 74(Suppl. XXIX): S42\u2013S46.","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"279","article-title":"Emohare L Women\u2019s knowledge and experience of cervical screening: a failure of health","volume":"11","author":"Schwartz, M.; Savage, W.; George, J.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Schwartz M, Savage W, George J, Emohare L Women\u2019s knowledge and experience of cervical screening: a failure of health education and medical organization. Community Med 1989; 11: 279\u2013289.","journal-title":"education and medical organization. Community Med"},{"article-title":"If you have a special interest in one or more of the topics covered by the Journal and have some time available to peer review occasional papers in your own area(s) of expertise then perhaps you might be interested in joining the Journal\u2019s team of peer reviewers? In common with the majority of other academic journals, peer reviewers offer their services on a voluntary basis; however, if you are a member of the Faculty of Sexual and Reproductive Healthcare then each completed review counts for two (2) CME points","author":"REVIEWERS, P.E.E.R.","key":"ref_10","unstructured":"PEER REVIEWERS If you have a special interest in one or more of the topics covered by the Journal and have some time available to peer review occasional papers in your own area(s) of expertise then perhaps you might be interested in joining the Journal\u2019s team of peer reviewers? In common with the majority of other academic journals, peer reviewers offer their services on a voluntary basis; however, if you are a member of the Faculty of Sexual and Reproductive Healthcare then each completed review counts for two (2) CME points."},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"124","article-title":"JOURNAL REVIEW WRITERS The Journal regularly reviews articles from related publications (see","volume-title":"and is looking to recruit more volunteers to compile these short reviews. For further information and\/or to offer your services (at most once or twice a year) please email your contact details to the Journal Editorial Office together with a note of any special interests and\/or expertise to assist us in allocating relevant articles to individual reviewers","unstructured":"JOURNAL REVIEW WRITERS The Journal regularly reviews articles from related publications (see page 124) and is looking to recruit more volunteers to compile these short reviews. For further information and\/or to offer your services (at most once or twice a year) please email your contact details to the Journal Editorial Office together with a note of any special interests and\/or expertise to assist us in allocating relevant articles to individual reviewers."},{"article-title":"For further information on either of these roles please contact the Journal Editorial","volume-title":"Office","key":"ref_12","unstructured":"For further information on either of these roles please contact the Journal Editorial Office at journal@fsrh.org."}],"container-title":["Journal of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1783\/147118909787931735","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T20:17:06Z","timestamp":1757103426000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jfprhc.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1783\/147118909787931735"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,4]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1783\/147118909787931735"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1783\/147118909787931735","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-1893","2045-2098"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1471-1893"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2045-2098"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,4]]}}}