{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T02:41:33Z","timestamp":1787971293483,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Instituto Nacional de Salud (Peru)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Durante las primeras semanas de 2020 se comenzaron a informar casos de personas con SARS-CoV-2 fuera de China, con un r\u00e1pido aumento de casos y muertes en todo el mundo. El SARS-CoV-2 es un virus ARN monocatenario positivo, envuelto en una bicapa lip\u00eddica derivada de la membrana celular del hu\u00e9sped y constituido por cuatro prote\u00ednas estructurales (S, M, E y N), adem\u00e1s de una hemaglutinina-esterasa. La uni\u00f3n de la prote\u00edna S con el receptor de enzima convertidora de angiotensina 2 (ECA2) permite la entrada del virus a la c\u00e9lula hu\u00e9sped y es una potencial diana terap\u00e9utica. El 81% de los enfermos hace cuadro leve; el 14%, grave; y el 5% requiere cuidados intensivos. La fiebre es el s\u00edntoma m\u00e1s frecuente, seguido de tos y disnea. La mayor\u00eda de los pacientes no presentan leucocitosis pero s\u00ed linfopenia, con cultivos de esputo que no muestran otros pat\u00f3genos. En las biopsias de pulm\u00f3n de pacientes graves el hallazgo m\u00e1s llamativo es el da\u00f1o alveolar difuso. Radiol\u00f3gicamente se aprecian patrones de vidrio esmerilado y alveolar, siendo las lesiones de predominio basal, subpleural y posterior, con una distribuci\u00f3n perif\u00e9rica multifocal, afectando m\u00e1s el l\u00f3bulo inferior derecho. Hay una marcada respuesta inflamatoria, que llega hasta la tormenta de citoquinas, en la que el tratamiento antiinflamatorio con terapia de pulso con metilprednisolona estar\u00eda indicado. Aunque no existan estudios en gran escala respecto al uso de cloroquina\/hidroxicloroquina, debido a la situaci\u00f3n mundial se ha autorizado su uso por su efecto anti SARS-CoV-2 y anti-inflamatorio, el cual puede ser potenciado con el uso de azitromicina.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.17843\/rpmesp.2020.372.5411","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,4]],"date-time":"2020-07-04T02:45:45Z","timestamp":1593830745000},"page":"302-11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["COVID-19: La pandemia por el nuevo virus SARS-CoV-2"],"prefix":"10.17843","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Roberto Alfonso","family":"Accinelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristian Mingxiong","family":"Zhang Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia-Der","family":"Ju Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Miguel","family":"Yachachin-Ch\u00e1vez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaime Augusto","family":"C\u00e1ceres-Pizarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karla Beatriz","family":"Tafur-Bances","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto Gabriel","family":"Flores-Tejada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandra Del Carmen","family":"Paiva-Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"7920","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,21]]},"container-title":["Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud P\u00fablica"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/rpmesp.ins.gob.pe\/index.php\/rpmesp\/article\/viewFile\/5411\/3539","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/rpmesp.ins.gob.pe\/index.php\/rpmesp\/article\/viewFile\/5411\/3539","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,4]],"date-time":"2020-07-04T02:46:06Z","timestamp":1593830766000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/rpmesp.ins.gob.pe\/index.php\/rpmesp\/article\/view\/5411"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,21]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,21]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17843\/rpmesp.2020.372.5411","relation":{},"ISSN":["1726-4642","1726-4634"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1726-4642","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1726-4634","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,21]]}}}