{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T14:28:20Z","timestamp":1766413700909,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Instituto Nacional de Salud (Peru)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objectives: To determine the percentage changes in the total lymphocyte population, T cells (TC), and their subsets; to determine the cellular exhaustion profiles of CD4+ and CD8+ TCs, and to determine the level of IgG (anti-spike) antibodies in individuals vaccinated with different vaccination schedules. Material and Methods: We isolated PBMC (peripheral blood mononuclear cells) from 45 vaccinated and 15 unvaccinated participants to measure percentages and MFI (mean fluorescence intensity) of TCs by flow cytometry. In addition, we\u00a0 obtained serum from 42 vaccinated participants, 9\u00a0 unvaccinated participants, and 20 pre-pandemic controls to measure the concentration of specific IgG antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, respectively. Statistical data from this cross-sectional observational study were analyzed using GraphPad Prism 9. Results: Vaccination with 3P+1M+1P induced a lower %CD3+ than3P+1M; lower %CD8+ than 3P and 3P+1M, but higher %CD4+ than 3P+1M. All vaccinated or unvaccinated groups showed a negative correlation in which the\u00a0 higher the %CD8+ the lower the %CD4+. Cellular exhaustion in CD4+PD1+ of 3P+1M was higher than in all CD8+PD1+ of all vaccination platforms including the Unvaccinated, except 3P and the vaccinated or unvaccinated platforms in CD4+PD1+. No significant differences were found in the production of IgG (anti-spike) in the vaccination platforms. Conclusions. Homologous or heterologous vaccination platforms from 3 doses do not modify the production of IgG (anti-spike) antibodies; however, they improve the values of TC CD8+, which are the most important subset for the antiviral response against SARS-CoV-2.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.17843\/rpmesp.2025.424.14687","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T14:23:48Z","timestamp":1766413428000},"page":"370-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Agotamiento de linfocitos T y respuesta de anticuerpos en vacunados contra SARS-CoV-2","T-cell exhaustion and antibody response in SARS-CoV-2 vaccine recipients"],"prefix":"10.17843","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3615-8964","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iv\u00e1n","family":"Lozada-Requena","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6737-8521","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Camila A.","family":"Arones-Santayana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-1729-666X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela","family":"Vidal Riva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3664-8023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joel","family":"De Le\u00f3n Delgado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5988-5515","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arturo","family":"Pareja Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"7920","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]},"container-title":["Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud P\u00fablica"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/rpmesp.ins.gob.pe\/index.php\/rpmesp\/article\/download\/14687\/6040","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/rpmesp.ins.gob.pe\/index.php\/rpmesp\/article\/download\/14687\/6040","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T14:23:50Z","timestamp":1766413430000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/rpmesp.ins.gob.pe\/index.php\/rpmesp\/article\/view\/14687"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17843\/rpmesp.2025.424.14687","relation":{},"ISSN":["1726-4642","1726-4634"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1726-4642","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1726-4634","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]}}}