{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T22:26:04Z","timestamp":1740176764677,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Korean Liver Cancer Association","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,11]],"date-time":"2021-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628640000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["e-jlc.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Liver Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Aims: Surgical resection, transplantation, and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) are generally accepted as amenable treatments for small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Recently drug-eluting beads (DEB) which had several treatment advantages were introduced for transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). The aim of this study was to evaluate feasibility and safety of DEB-TACE compared with RFA for the treatment of single small HCC.Methods: In this pilot non-randomized trial, we assessed retrospective data of 40 patients who underwent DEB-TACE (n=21) or RFA (n=19) for single small (\u22643 centimeter in greatest dimension) HCC. The primary outcomes were tumor response and time to recurrence. The secondary outcome was treatment-related complications.Results: Complete response rate to DEB-TACE and RFA after first follow-up assessment was 90.5% and 94.7%, respectively (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;\/i&gt;=1.000). During mean follow-up of 87.6 months (95% confidence interval: 74.4-102), 7 patients experienced local recurrence. The 6- and 12-month cumulative local recurrence rate was 5.0% and 21.8% in DEB-TACE vs. 11.1% and 17.0% in RFA group (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;\/i&gt;=0.877). A total 14 distant intrahepatic recurrences were developed and 12- and 24-month cumulative distant intrahepatic recurrence rate was 20.6% and 42.7% in DEBTACE vs. 17.2% and 36.3% in RFA group (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;\/i&gt;=0.844). Two patients experienced gangrenous cholecystitis after DEB-TACE requiring cholecystectomy as treatment-related adverse event.Conclusions: Tumor response and recurrence rate after single session of DEB-TACE or RFA were similar. DEB-TACE could be applied selectively in patients with a single small HCC if the other therapeutic modality is unfeasible.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.17998\/jlc.2021.05.20","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,11]],"date-time":"2021-08-11T07:21:27Z","timestamp":1628666487000},"page":"146-154","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17998\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Transarterial chemoembolization using drug-eluting bead compared with radiofrequency ablation for treatment of single small hepatocellular carcinoma: a pilot non-randomized trial"],"prefix":"10.17998","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6154-0420","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tae Hoon","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3716-8101","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Na 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