{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T08:03:56Z","timestamp":1780387436178,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Ideggyogyaszati Szemle Journal","issue":"5-6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ideggy\u00f3gy\u00e1szati szemle"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and purpose \u2013 The pathophysiology of restless leg syndrome is not\nyet clear, but the dopaminergic system is\nthought to play a role in its pathogenesis.\nRecent studies have shown that pre- and\npostsynaptic dopaminergic neuronal receptor abnormalities exist in the basal ganglia in\nrestless leg syndrome. This study aimed to\ninvestigate whether Toxoplasma gondii and\nToxocara spp. infections are possible causes\nof neuropathological involvement in restless\nleg syndrome (RLS) patients.\nMethods \u2013 The study sample comprised\na total of 174 participants, including 99\npatients with RLS and 75 healthy controls.\nThe presence of anti-T. gondii IgG and antiToxocara IgG antibodies was subsequently\ninvestigated using ELISA (EUROIMMUN).\nThe relationship between the severity of the\ndisease, as categorized into four stages, and\nthe seropositivity of T. gondii and Toxocara\nwere examined. Results \u2013 The rate of anti-T. gondii antibody positivity was significantly higher in\nthe patient group than in the control group\n(p&lt;0.001, OR: 4.38). The rate of anti-Toxocara\nantibody positivity was significantly higher in\nthe patient group than in the control group\n(p=0.026, OR: 2.44). The co-seropositivity\nrate of both parasites was significantly higher\nin the patient group than in the control\ngroup (p=0.010, OR: 13.37). T. gondii seropositivity was significantly higher in patients\nwith very severe, severe, and moderate\ndisease than in those with mild disease\n(p=0.043).\nConclusion \u2013 Chronic T. gondii and Toxocara\ninfections may contribute to the pathogenic\nmechanisms underlying RLS, and chronic\ntoxoplasmosis may increase RLS disease severity. This study may help improve screening approaches in the management of RLS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.18071\/isz.78.0161","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T07:07:21Z","timestamp":1780384041000},"page":"161-167","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Parasitosis as a potential risk factor in restless leg syndrome: Toxoplasma gondii and Toxocara spp."],"prefix":"10.18071","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Erman","family":"Altunisik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2197-0079","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tuncay","family":"Celik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6003-5975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tuba","family":"Gul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6820-0381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yeliz Kasko","family":"Arici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7027-1613","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ulku","family":"Karaman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9440-2451","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Behice Han","family":"Almis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0091-5724","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali","family":"Arik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-8242-9962","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hatice","family":"Ekinci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"7411","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"container-title":["Ideggy\u00f3gy\u00e1szati szemle"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/elitmed.hu\/en\/publications\/clinical-neuroscience\/parasitosis-as-a-potential-risk-factor-in-restless-leg-syndrome-toxoplasma-gondii-and-toxocara-spp\/pdf-open","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T07:07:24Z","timestamp":1780384044000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/elitmed.hu\/en\/publications\/clinical-neuroscience\/parasitosis-as-a-potential-risk-factor-in-restless-leg-syndrome-toxoplasma-gondii-and-toxocara-spp"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5-6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18071\/isz.78.0161","relation":{},"ISSN":["0019-1442","2498-6208"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0019-1442","type":"print"},{"value":"2498-6208","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}}}