{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T10:28:19Z","timestamp":1772274499068,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"School of Management, Hospitality and Tourism, University of the Algarve","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tour. Manag. Stud."],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study investigates the relationship between psychological safety and different types of silence \u2014 defensive, diffident, relational, ineffectual, and deviant \u2014 within the context of employee-supervisor interactions. Additionally, it examines the impact of sociodemographic variables on the manifestation of silence and its association with psychological safety. The research included 486 employees from a Portuguese aviation company. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods with SmartPLS. The results indicate a negative correlation between psychological safety and all types of silence, suggesting that psychologically safe work environments reduce employees' tendency to withhold concerns. Furthermore, significant effects of sex, education, and seniority were observed in the adoption of silence. Based on these findings, the study proposes innovative strategies to enhance psychological safety and mitigate silence, fostering a more open environment for communication, innovation, and active employee participation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.18089\/tms.20250207","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T21:42:51Z","timestamp":1753393371000},"page":"97-111","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Employee Silence and Psychological Safety: Insights from an Aviation Company  with Broader Organizational Applications"],"prefix":"10.18089","volume":"21","author":[{"name":"CEEAplA, University of the Azores, Rua da M\u00e3e de Deus, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Daniel Costa","family":"Pacheco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ana Isabel Dami\u00e3o de Serpa Arruda","family":"Moniz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"name":"CEEAplA, University of the Azores, Rua da M\u00e3e de Deus, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Suzana Nunes","family":"Caldeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"name":"CICS.UAc\/CICS.NOVA.UAc, University of the Azores, Rua da M\u00e3e de Deus, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Osvaldo Dias Lopes da","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"name":"CICS.UAc\/CICS.NOVA.UAc, University of the Azores, Rua da M\u00e3e de Deus, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"7616","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,10]]},"container-title":["Tourism &amp; Management Studies"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T21:42:52Z","timestamp":1753393372000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tmstudies.net\/index.php\/ectms\/article\/view\/2878"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,10]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18089\/tms.20250207","relation":{},"ISSN":["2182-8466"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2182-8466","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,10]]}}}