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A special role here is played by intercellular tight junctions (TJ), where the zonulin protein holds an important place.  Zonulin, an unprocessed precursor of mature haptoglobin, is the only physiological modulator of intercellular TJ  that can reversibly regulate the permeability of the intestinal (IB) and blood-brain (BBB) barriers in the human body.  BBB disruption and altered microbiota composition are associated with many diseases, including neurological disorders  and neuroinflammation. That is, there is a gut-brain axis (GBA) \u2014 a communication system through which the brain  modulates the functions of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and vice versa. GBA is based on neuronal, endocrine,  and immunological mechanisms that are interconnected at the organismal, organ, cellular, and molecular levels.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.18097\/pbmc20226805309","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,14]],"date-time":"2022-11-14T11:05:01Z","timestamp":1668423901000},"page":"309-320","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Zonulin \u2014 regulation of tight contacts in the brain and intestine \u2014 facts and hypotheses"],"prefix":"10.18097","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"S.N.","family":"Naryzhny","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia; Petersburg Institute of Nuclear Physics B.P. Konstantinova National Research Center \u201cKurchatov Institute\u201d, Gatchina, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"O.K.","family":"Legina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Petersburg Institute of Nuclear Physics B.P. 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