{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T19:21:20Z","timestamp":1772652080206,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Institute of Biochemistry","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BIOMED KHIM"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The natural antioxidant astaxanthin (AST) demonstrates the cardioprotective effect on cardiac mitochondria in rats subjected to chronic alcohol intoxication. Particularly, AST restored cardiac mitochondrial respiratory activity and Ca2+ capacity of rats exposed to chronic alcohol intoxication; it also had a positive impact on the balance of functionally important processes of mitochondrial fission\/fusion, as well as mitophagy. In addition, AST prevented alcohol-induced morphological damage to cardiac tissue. Overall, the results demonstrate that AST promotes normalization of cardiac mitochondrial function, protecting these organelles from degenerative changes caused by alcohol intoxication and improving cardiac energy metabolism. Thus, AST helps to compensate the cardiac mitochondrial damage caused by chronic alcohol intake by restoring their functional activity and stress resistance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.18097\/pbmcr1617","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T17:51:32Z","timestamp":1772646692000},"page":"28-41","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Astaxanthin protects heart mitochondria from damage caused by chronic alcohol intoxication"],"prefix":"10.18097","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"O.V.","family":"Krestinina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Science, Pushchino, Moscow region, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I.V.","family":"Odinokova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Science, Pushchino, Moscow region, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.I.","family":"Zvyagina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Science, Pushchino, Moscow region, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.R.","family":"Sotnikov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Science, Pushchino, Moscow region, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.D.","family":"Sotnikova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Science, Pushchino, Moscow region, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu.L.","family":"Baburina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Science, Pushchino, Moscow region, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"7443","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fernandez-Sola J. (2015) Cardiovascular risks and benefits of moderate and heavy alcohol consumption. Nat. Rev. Cardiol., 12(10), 576\u2013587.","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2015.91"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gavazzi A., de Maria R., Parolini M., Porcu M. (2000) Alcohol abuse and dilated cardiomyopathy in men. Am. J. Cardiol., 85(9), 1114\u20131118.","DOI":"10.1016\/s0002-9149(00)00706-2"},{"key":"ref3","unstructured":"Waddell J., McKenna M.C., Kristian T. (2022) Brain ethanol metabolism and mitochondria. Curr. Top. Biochem. Res., 23, 1\u201313."},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kraus F., Roy K., Pucadyil T.J., Ryan M.T. (2021) Function and regulation of the divisome for mitochondrial fission. Nature, 590(7844), 57\u201366.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03214-x"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"van der Bliek A.M., Shen Q., Kawajiri S. (2013) Mechanisms of mitochondrial fission and fusion. Cold Spring Harb. Perspect Biol., 5(6), a011072.","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a011072"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bonet-Ponce L., Saez-Atienzar S., da Casa C., Flores-Bellver M., Barcia J.M., Sancho-Pelluz J., Romero F.J., Jordan J., Galindo M.F. (2015) On the mechanism underlying ethanol-induced mitochondrial dynamic disruption and autophagy response. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1852(7), 1400\u20131409.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2015.03.006"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kitagaki H., Araki Y., Funato K., Shimoi H. (2007) Ethanol-induced death in yeast exhibits features of apoptosis mediated by mitochondrial fission pathway. FEBS Lett., 581(16), 2935\u20132942.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2007.05.048"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Krestinina O., Krestinin R., Odinokova I., Sotnikova L., Baburina Y. (2025) Potential targets for the protective effect of astaxanthin on ethanol-induced damage in rat liver mitochondria. Curr. Med. Chem., 32(7), 1391\u20131405.","DOI":"10.2174\/0109298673316592240822102619"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Krestinina O., Odinokova I., Sotnikova L., Krestinin R., Zvyagina A., Baburina Y. (2022) Astaxanthin is able to prevent alcohol-induced dysfunction of liver mitochondria. Antioxidants, 11(10), 2019.","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox11102019"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Truban D., Hou X., Caulfield T.R., Fiesel F.C., Springer W. (2017) PINK1, Parkin, and mitochondrial quality control: what can we learn about Parkinson's disease pathobiology? J. Parkinsons Dis., 7(1), 13\u201329.","DOI":"10.3233\/JPD-160989"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Eid N., Ito Y., Horibe A., Otsuki Y., Kondo Y. (2019) Ethanol-induced mitochondrial damage in Sertoli cells is associated with Parkin overexpression and activation of mitophagy. Cells, 8(3), 283.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells8030283"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wu Y., Jiang T., Hua J., Xiong Z., Dai K., Chen H., Li L., Peng J., Peng X., Zheng Z., Xiong W. (2022) PINK1\/Parkin-mediated mitophagy in cardiovascular disease: from pathogenesis to novel therapy. Int. J. Cardiol., 361, 61\u201369.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2022.05.025"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"McDonough K.H. (2003) Antioxidant nutrients and alcohol. Toxicology, 189(1\u20132), 89\u201397.","DOI":"10.1016\/s0300-483x(03)00155-0"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chacko B.K., Srivastava A., Johnson M.S., Benavides G.A., Chang M.J., Ye Y., Jhala N., Murphy M.P., Kalyanaraman B., Darley-Usmar V.M. (2011) Mitochondria-targeted ubiquinone (MitoQ) decreases ethanol-dependent micro and macro hepatosteatosis. Hepatology, 54(1), 153\u2013163.","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24377"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Krestinin R., Baburina Y., Odinokova I., Kruglov A., Fadeeva I., Zvyagina A., Sotnikova L., Krestinina O. (2020) Isoproterenol-induced permeability transition pore-related dysfunction of heart mitochondria is attenuated by astaxanthin. Biomedicines, 8(10), 437.","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines8100437"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Krestinin R., Baburina Y., Odinokova I., Kruglov A., Sotnikova L., Krestinina O. (2023) The effect of astaxanthin on mitochondrial dynamics in rat heart mitochondria under ISO-induced injury. Antioxidants, 12(6), 1247.","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12061247"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Krestinina O., Baburina Y., Krestinin R., Odinokova I., Fadeeva I., Sotnikova L. (2020) Astaxanthin prevents mitochondrial impairment induced by isoproterenol in isolated rat heart mitochondria. Antioxidants, 9(3), 262.","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox9030262"},{"key":"ref18","unstructured":"Lieber C.S., de Carli L.M. (1989) Liquid diet technique of ethanol administration: 1989 update. Alcohol Alcohol., 24(3), 197\u2013211."},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Baburina Y., Krestinin R., Odinokova I., Sotnikova L., Kruglov A., Krestinina O. (2019) Astaxanthin inhibits mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening in rat heart mitochondria. Antioxidants, 8(12), 576.","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox8120576"},{"key":"ref20","unstructured":"Lillie R.D., Fullmer H.M. (1976) Histopathologic Technic and Practical Histochemistry. McGraw-Hill: California, USA, 942 p."},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Odinokova I., Baburina Y., Kruglov A., Fadeeva I., Zvyagina A., Sotnikova L., Akatov V., Krestinina O. (2018) Effect of melatonin on rat heart mitochondria in acute heart failure in aged rats. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 19(6), 1555.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19061555"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kruger N.J. (1994) The Bradford method for protein quantitation. Methods Mol. Biol., 32, 9\u201315.","DOI":"10.1385\/0-89603-268-X:9"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Azarashvili T., Grachev D., Krestinina O., Evtodienko Y., Yurkov I., Papadopoulos V., Reiser G. (2007) The peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor is involved in control of Ca2+-induced permeability transition pore opening in rat brain mitochondria. Cell Calcium, 42(1), 27\u201339.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceca.2006.11.004"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sahu P., Verma H.K., Bhaskar L. (2025) Alcohol and alcoholism associated neurological disorders: current updates in a global perspective and recent recommendations. World J. Exp. Med., 15(1), 100402.","DOI":"10.5493\/wjem.v15.i1.100402"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Piano M.R., Marcus G.M., Aycock D.M., Buckman J., Hwang C.L., Larsson S.C., Mukamal K.J., Roerecke M. (2025) Alcohol use and cardiovascular disease: a scientific statement from the american heart association. Circulation, 152(1), e7\u2013e21.","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001341"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Leon B.E., Kang S., Franca-Solomon G., Shang P., Choi D.-S. (2021) Alcohol-induced neuroinflammatory response and mitochondrial dysfunction on aging and Alzheimer's disease. Front. Behav. Neurosci., 15, 778456.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2021.778456"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Siggins R.W., McTernan P.M., Simon L., Souza-Smith F.M., Molina P.E. (2023) Mitochondrial dysfunction: at the nexus between alcohol-associated immunometabolic dysregulation and tissue injury. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24(10), 8650.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24108650"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hoek J.B., Cahill A., Pastorino J.G. (2002) Alcohol and mitochondria: a dysfunctional relationship. Gastroenterology, 122(7), 2049\u20132063.","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.33613"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lambert J.P., Luongo T.S., Tomar D., Jadiya P., Gao E., Zhang X., Lucchese A.M., Kolmetzky D.W., Shah N.S., Elrod J.W. (2019) MCUB regulates the molecular composition of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter channel to limit mitochondrial calcium overload during stress. Circulation, 140(21), 1720\u20131733.","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.037968"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zavodnik I.B. (2016) Mitochondria, calcium homeostasis and calcium signaling. Biomeditsinskaya Khimiya, 62(3), 311\u2013317.","DOI":"10.18097\/PBMC20166203311"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kumar A., Davuluri G., Welch N., Kim A., Gangadhariah M., Allawy A., Priyadarshini A., McMullen M.R., Sandlers Y., Willard B., Hoppel C.L., Nagy L.E., Dasarathy S. (2019) Oxidative stress mediates ethanol-induced skeletal muscle mitochondrial dysfunction and dysregulated protein synthesis and autophagy. Free Radic. Biol. Med., 145, 284\u2013299.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2019.09.031"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ma L., Dong J.-X., Wu C., Li X.-Y., Chen J., Zhang H., Liu Y. (2017) Spectroscopic, polarographic, and microcalorimetric studies on mitochondrial dysfunction induced by ethanol. J. Membr. Biol., 250(2), 195\u2013204.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00232-017-9947-0"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhao R.Z., Jiang S., Zhang L., Yu Z.B. (2019) Mitochondrial electron transport chain, ROS generation and uncoupling (review). Int. J. Mol. Med., 44(1), 3\u201315.","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2019.4188"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Haorah J., Rump T.J., Xiong H. (2013) Reduction of brain mitochondrial \u03b2-oxidation impairs complex I and V in chronic alcohol intake: the underlying mechanism for neurodegeneration. PLOS One, 8(8), e70833.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0070833"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hwang H., Liu R., Eldridge R., Hu X., Forghani P., Jones D.P., Xu C. (2023) Chronic ethanol exposure induces mitochondrial dysfunction and alters gene expression and metabolism in human cardiac spheroids. Alcohol Clin. Exp. Res., 47(4), 643\u2013658.","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.15026"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Simon L., Molina P.E. (2022) Cellular bioenergetics: experimental evidence for alcohol-induced adaptations. Function, 3(5), zqac039.","DOI":"10.1093\/function\/zqac039"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Roy M., Reddy P.H., Iijima M., Sesaki H. (2015) Mitochondrial division and fusion in metabolism. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol., 33, 111\u2013118.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceb.2015.02.001"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Schrepfer E., Scorrano L. (2016) Mitofusins, from mitochondria to metabolism. Mol. Cell, 61(5), 683\u2013694.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2016.02.022"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Detmer S.A., Chan D.C. (2007) Functions and dysfunctions of mitochondrial dynamics. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell. Biol., 8(11), 870\u2013879.","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm2275"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yao C.-H., Wang R., Wang Y., Kung C.-P., Weber J.D., Patti G.J. (2019) Mitochondrial fusion supports increased oxidative phosphorylation during cell proliferation. Elife, 8, e41351.","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.41351"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Shang P., Lindberg D., Starski P., Peyton L., Hong S.-I., Choi S., Choi D.-S. (2020) Chronic alcohol exposure induces aberrant mitochondrial morphology and inhibits respiratory capacity in the medial prefrontal cortex of mice. Front. Neurosci., 14, 561173.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2020.561173"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wang S., Long H., Hou L., Feng B., Ma Z., Wu Y., Zeng Y., Cai J., Zhang D.-W., Zhao G. (2023) The mitophagy pathway and its implications in human diseases. Signal Transduct. Target Ther., 8(1), 304.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01503-7"}],"container-title":["Biomeditsinskaya Khimiya"],"original-title":[],"language":"ru","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T17:51:39Z","timestamp":1772646699000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/pbmc.ibmc.msk.ru\/en\/article-en\/PBMC-2026-72-1-28"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18097\/pbmcr1617","relation":{},"ISSN":["2310-6905","2310-6972"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2310-6905","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2310-6972","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}}}