{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T17:57:49Z","timestamp":1790791069727,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Press of International Journal of Ophthalmology (IJO Press)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Ophthalmol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>AIM: To investigate the frequency and associated factors of accommodation and non-strabismic binocular vision dysfunction among medical university students.\nMETHODS: Totally 158 student volunteers underwent routine vision examination in the optometry clinic of Guangxi Medical University. Their data were used to identify the different types of accommodation and non-strabismic binocular vision dysfunction and to determine their frequency. Correlation analysis and logistic regression were used to examine the factors associated with these abnormalities.\nRESULTS: The results showed that 36.71% of the subjects had accommodation and non-strabismic binocular vision issues, with 8.86% being attributed to accommodation dysfunction and 27.85% to binocular abnormalities. Convergence insufficiency (CI) was the most common abnormality, accounting for 13.29%. Those with these abnormalities experienced higher levels of eyestrain (\u03c72=69.518, P&lt;0.001). The linear correlations were observed between the difference of binocular spherical equivalent (SE) and the index of horizontal esotropia at a distance (r=0.231, P=0.004) and the asthenopia survey scale (ASS) score (r=0.346, P&lt;0.001). Furthermore, the right eye's SE was inversely correlated with the convergence of positive and negative fusion images at close range (r= -0.321, P&lt;0.001), the convergence of negative fusion images at close range (r=-0.294, P&lt;0.001), the vergence facility (VF; r=-0.234, P=0.003), and the set of negative fusion images at far range (r=-0.237, P=0.003). Logistic regression analysis indicated that gender, age, and the difference in right and binocular SE did not influence the emergence of these abnormalities.\nCONCLUSION: Binocular vision abnormalities are more prevalent than accommodation dysfunction, with CI being the most frequent type. Greater binocular refractive disparity leads to more severe eyestrain symptoms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.18240\/ijo.2024.02.22","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,23]],"date-time":"2024-01-23T03:35:24Z","timestamp":1705980924000},"page":"374-379","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Frequency and associated factors of accommodation and non-strabismic binocular vision dysfunction among medical university students"],"prefix":"10.18240","volume":"17","author":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Cai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun-Hui","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cai-Lan","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Dan","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wan-Chen","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wan-Yan","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin-Mao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"7543","container-title":["International Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/ies.ijo.cn\/en_publish\/2024\/2\/20240222.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,23]],"date-time":"2024-01-23T03:36:02Z","timestamp":1705980962000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/ies.ijo.cn\/gjyken\/ch\/reader\/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=20240222&flag=1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,18]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,18]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18240\/ijo.2024.02.22","relation":{},"ISSN":["2222-3959","2227-4898"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2222-3959","type":"print"},{"value":"2227-4898","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,18]]}}}