{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T07:13:06Z","timestamp":1773040386737,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Press of International Journal of Ophthalmology (IJO Press)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Ophthalmol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>AIM: To compare the subjective refraction data with auto-refraction findings in high astigmatisms.\nMETHODS: In a cross-sectional study, sampling was done from in different geographic regions in Iran using a multistage random cluster sampling method. All study participants underwent cycloplegic auto-refraction and subjective refraction using the red-green test.\nRESULTS: In this study, 277 eyes of 158 students aged 8 to 15y were analyzed. According to the results, the mean difference between subjective refraction and autorefraction in measuring sphere, cylinder, spherical equivalent, J0, and J45 was -0.18\u00b10.76, -0.36\u00b10.40, -0.36\u00b10.79, 0.15\u00b10.20, and 0.05\u00b10.21 respectively. The correlation of these two refraction methods in measuring the aforementioned indices was 0.963, 0.898, 0.960, 0.931, and 0.948 respectively. The 95% limits of agreement of the two methods in measuring the above indices were -1.66 to 1.31, -1.14 to 0.42, -1.91 to 1.19, -0.24 to 0.54, and -0.36 to 0.47 respectively. The agreement between the two methods decreased with increasing cylinder power, and the best agreement was found in myopic individuals.\nCONCLUSION: The measurements obtained by autorefractometer have a significantly higher cylinder average compared to subjective refraction. However, in the cylinder range of 4\u20135 diopters, the values of J0 and J45 do not have a high correlation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.18240\/ijo.2025.03.18","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,20]],"date-time":"2025-02-20T07:52:31Z","timestamp":1740037951000},"page":"504-509","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Autorefraction versus subjective refraction in high astigmatism"],"prefix":"10.18240","volume":"18","author":[{"name":"Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717443, Iran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haleh","family":"Kangari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saeed","family":"Rahmani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717443, Iran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elnaz","family":"Ahmadian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Noor Research Center for Ophthalmic Epidemiology, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran 1983963113, Iran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abbasali","family":"Yekta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Refractive Errors Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948964, Iran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mehdi","family":"Khabazkhoob","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1968653111, Iran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"7543","container-title":["International Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/ies.ijo.cn\/en_publish\/2025\/3\/20250318.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,20]],"date-time":"2025-02-20T07:52:54Z","timestamp":1740037974000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/ies.ijo.cn\/gjyken\/ch\/reader\/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=20250318&flag=1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18240\/ijo.2025.03.18","relation":{},"ISSN":["2222-3959","2227-4898"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2222-3959","type":"print"},{"value":"2227-4898","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]]}}}