{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T13:12:49Z","timestamp":1778505169728,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Press of International Journal of Ophthalmology (IJO Press)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Ophthalmol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>AIM: To evaluate the effects of refractive errors and binocular vision anomalies on the quality of life (QOL) of university students.\nMETHODS: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on university students using simple random sampling. Objective refraction, ocular alignment, vergence and accommodative performance were measured and assessed in all participants. Data on QOL were collected using the College of Optometrists in Vision Development-Quality of Life (COVD-QOL) Questionnaire. The effect of mentioned parameters on the QOL were evaluated.\nRESULTS: Totally 726 students with mean age of 21.35\u00b11.88y were evaluated in this study, 51.5% of whom were female. Esophoria was caused significantly lower QOL in the domains of somatic symptoms and occupational-physical symptoms (P&amp;#x003C;0.05); Besides, esotropia decreased QOL in domains of somatic symptoms P=0.002 and psychological factors (P=0.023). Students with accommodation insufficiency experienced more symptoms in all domains (P&amp;#x003C;0.05) except for psychological factors (P=0.07). Increasing in the near point of convergence and accommodation and decreases QOL and increasing accommodative facility increases QOL (all P&amp;#x003C;0.05). Myopia and astigmatism cause decrease in QOL (both P&amp;#x003C;0.05), but hyperopic students had better QOL in comparison with others (P&amp;#x003C;0.05).\nCONCLUSION: Screening programs and treatment of refractive errors and binocular vision anomalies, especially phoria and accommodative insufficiency, positively impact the QOL and academic achievements of university students.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.18240\/ijo.2025.04.18","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]],"date-time":"2025-03-21T07:55:13Z","timestamp":1742543713000},"page":"707-715","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Binocular vision disorders and refractive errors on university students\u2019 quality of life"],"prefix":"10.18240","volume":"18","author":[{"name":"Rehabilitation Research Center, Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1545913487, Iran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raheleh","family":"Moravej","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Navidreza","family":"Zamani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Occupational Medicine, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1157715354, Iran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fatemeh Azad","family":"Shahraki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Noor Ophthalmology Research Center, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran 1983963113, Iran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abbas Ali","family":"Yekta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Department of Optometry, School of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 1394491388, Iran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hadi","family":"Ostadimoghaddam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Refractive Errors Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 1394491388, Iran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nasim","family":"Vaghefi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Noor Research Center for Ophthalmic Epidemiology, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran 1983963113, Iran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hamidreza","family":"Ghadimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1157715354, Iran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mehdi","family":"Khabazkhoob","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1968653111, Iran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"7543","container-title":["International Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/ies.ijo.cn\/en_publish\/2025\/4\/20250418.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]],"date-time":"2025-03-21T07:55:38Z","timestamp":1742543738000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/ies.ijo.cn\/gjyken\/ch\/reader\/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=20250418&flag=1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,18]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,18]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18240\/ijo.2025.04.18","relation":{},"ISSN":["2222-3959","2227-4898"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2222-3959","type":"print"},{"value":"2227-4898","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,18]]}}}