{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T20:28:29Z","timestamp":1780604909289,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Press of International Journal of Ophthalmology (IJO Press)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Ophthalmol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>AIM: To characterize the demographic and clinical features of ethambutol optic neuropathy (EON) in an Indonesian patient population and explore prognostic factors for visual recovery.\nMETHODS: Retrospective study of 58 EON patients at an Indonesian eye center (2017-2022). Demographics, ethambutol treatment, ophthalmologic findings were collected. Visual outcomes after ethambutol cessation assessed at 3-12mo. Patients categorized as having visual improvement (\u22652 Snellen lines and\/or &amp;#x003E;5\u00b0 visual field gain) or no improvement.\nRESULTS: Mean age was 55.5\u00b112.9y, with 56.9% females. Median duration of ethambutol use was 9mo (range: 2-20) at a mean daily dose of 19.7\u00b15.3 mg\/kg. At presentation, mean visual acuity was 1.3 logMAR (range: 0-2.5), with normal fundus appearance in 72.4% of eyes. The most common visual field defect was generalized depression (52.4%). After ethambutol cessation, 56.9% of patients had visual improvement. Younger age (50.24\u00b113.8y vs 62.14\u00b18.9y, P&amp;#x003C;0.01), lower ethambutol dose (17.3\u00b15 vs 23.3\u00b12.9 mg\/kg?d, P&amp;#x003C;0.01), shorter treatment duration (6.79\u00b12.6mo vs 10.27\u00b11.2mo, P&amp;#x003C;0.01), and absence of hypertension (16% vs 83%, P=0.012) or kidney disease (0 vs 83%, P&amp;#x003C;0.01) were associated with higher likelihood of visual improvement. Diabetes did not differ between groups (P=0.889).\nCONCLUSION: Over half experience visual recovery after ethambutol cessation. Younger age, lower cumulative dose, absence of hypertension or kidney disease predict better visual outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.18240\/ijo.2025.07.18","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,20]],"date-time":"2025-06-20T07:17:27Z","timestamp":1750403847000},"page":"1341-1348","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Identifying predictors of visual improvement in ethambutol optic neuropathy: insights from a 5-year retrospective analysis in a tertiary clinic in Indonesia"],"prefix":"10.18240","volume":"18","author":[{"name":"Department of Neuro-Ophthalmology, JEC Eye Hospitals and Clinics, Jakarta 14460, Indonesia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valenchia","family":"Valenchia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alia","family":"Arianti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Department of Neuro-Ophthalmology, JEC Eye Hospitals and Clinics, Jakarta 14460, Indonesia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viona","family":"Viona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Department of Research, JEC Eye Hospitals and Clinics, Jakarta 14460, Indonesia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"7543","container-title":["International Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/ies.ijo.cn\/en_publish\/2025\/7\/20250718.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,20]],"date-time":"2025-06-20T07:17:32Z","timestamp":1750403852000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/ies.ijo.cn\/gjyken\/ch\/reader\/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=20250718&flag=1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18240\/ijo.2025.07.18","relation":{},"ISSN":["2222-3959","2227-4898"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2222-3959","type":"print"},{"value":"2227-4898","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]]}}}