{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,21]],"date-time":"2025-06-21T04:01:54Z","timestamp":1750478514242,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Press of International Journal of Ophthalmology (IJO Press)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Ophthalmol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>AIM: To describe the demographics, clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of childhood amblyopia in a tertiary eye center in western India.\nMETHODS: This was a retrospective longitudinal hospital-based study of 1382 children aged \u226412y included in the National Institute of OphthalMology AmBlyopia StUdy in Indian Paediatric EyeS (NIMBUS) Study. Data on patient demographics, treatment approach, and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) changes were reviewed.\nRESULTS: The mean age of the study cohort was 4.54\u00b12.46y, with males constituting the majority (55.4%). The cause of amblyopia was refractive error in 73.2%, strabismus in 7.3%, and anisometropia in 6.8% of eyes. The majority of therapies comprised glasses (74.4%), followed by occlusion+glasses (10.3%), occlusion alone (7.3%), and surgery+patching+glasses (5.1%). The mean occlusion time was 2.46\u00b11.14h. After a median follow-up of 10.00 (6\u201385)mo, the mean BCVA significantly improved from 0.85\u00b10.41 to 0.55\u00b10.42 logMAR. Subgroup analysis revealed BCVA gain for all etiologies, including refractive errors (P&amp;#x003C;0.001), strabismus (P&amp;#x003C;0.001), cataract (P&amp;#x003C;0.001), and ptosis (P&amp;#x003C;0.001). Additionally, eyes with refractive errors showed significantly better BCVA than eyes with cataracts (P&amp;#x003C;0.001), strabismus (P&amp;#x003C;0.001) and marginally better BCVA than eyes with ptosis (P&amp;#x003C;0.05), both at the baseline and final visit.\nCONCLUSION: Refractive errors are the commonest cause of amblyopia, followed by strabismus and anisometropia. Timely detection, optimal therapy, and periodic follow-up are crucial in bettering visual acuity regardless of the cause.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.18240\/ijo.2025.07.21","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,20]],"date-time":"2025-06-20T07:17:27Z","timestamp":1750403847000},"page":"1369-1374","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Childhood amblyopia in a tertiary eye care center in western India"],"prefix":"10.18240","volume":"18","author":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Ophthalmology, National Institute of Ophthalmology, Pune 411005, India","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jai A.","family":"Kelkar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aditya S.","family":"Kelkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Department of Vitreoretinal Services, National Institute of Ophthalmology, Pune 411005, India","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shreekant","family":"Kelkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Department of General Ophthalmology, National Institute of Ophthalmology, Pune 411005, India","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"7543","container-title":["International Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/ies.ijo.cn\/en_publish\/2025\/7\/20250721.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,20]],"date-time":"2025-06-20T07:17:33Z","timestamp":1750403853000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/ies.ijo.cn\/gjyken\/ch\/reader\/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=20250721&flag=1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18240\/ijo.2025.07.21","relation":{},"ISSN":["2222-3959","2227-4898"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2222-3959","type":"print"},{"value":"2227-4898","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]]}}}