{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T10:28:03Z","timestamp":1793701683254,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Sultan Qaboos University","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,21]],"date-time":"2020-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1608508800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objectives: Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) represent a diagnostic challenge during cervical cytology. This study aimed to review and identify high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) genotypes among previously diagnosed ASC-US cases in Kuwait. Methods: This retrospective study analysed 180 cases diagnosed as ASC-US between June 2017 and May 2018 at the Mubarak Al-Kabeer Hospital, Kuwait. Cervical specimens were assayed to determine the presence of HR-HPV DNA; subsequently, positive cases underwent genotyping and were categorised into three groups (HPV 16, HPV 18\/45 and other HR-HPV types). Results: In total, ASC-US was confirmed in only 105 cases (58.3%), with the remaining cases reclassified as negative for intraepithelial lesions or malignancy (NILM; 32.2%) and epithelial cell abnormalities (ECA; 9.4%). Of these, HRHPV DNA was present in 20 ASC-US (19%), one NILM (1.7%) and six ECA (35.3%) cases. There were 62 Kuwaiti and 43 non-Kuwaiti women with confirmed ASC-US; of these, three (4.8%), six (9.7%) and four (6.5%) Kuwaitis and one (2.3%), one (2.3%) and five (11.6%) non-Kuwaitis had HPV 16, both HPV 16 and 18\/45 and other HRHPV genotypes, respectively. Of those with HR-HPV DNA, the NILM case had the HPV 18\/45 genotype, while the six ECA cases had the HPV 16 (n = 1), both HPV 16 and 18\/45 (n = 1) and other HR-HPV (n = 4) genotypes. Conclusion: Overall, HR-HPV DNA was present in 19% of ASC-US cases compared to 1.7% of NILM cases initially misdiagnosed as ASC-US. Re-review of cervical cytology diagnoses may reduce unnecessary costs associated with HR-HPV genotyping.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.18295\/squmj.2020.20.04.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,24]],"date-time":"2021-01-24T06:11:19Z","timestamp":1611468679000},"page":"e318-323","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Interpreting a Diagnosis of Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance in Cervical Cytology and its Association with Human Papillomavirus: &lt;i&gt;A retrospective analysis of 180 cases in Kuwait&lt;\/i&gt;"],"prefix":"10.18295","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Kusum","family":"Kapila","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meera","family":"Balakrishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cytology Laboratory, Mubarak Al-Kabeer Hospital, Kuwait"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rola H","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahlam","family":"Al-Juwaiser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cytology Laboratory, Mubarak Al-Kabeer Hospital, Kuwait"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara S","family":"George","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mrinmay K","family":"Mallik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cytology Laboratory, Mubarak Al-Kabeer Hospital, Kuwait"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"7681","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,21]]},"container-title":["Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.squ.edu.om\/index.php\/squmj\/article\/download\/3944\/2982","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.squ.edu.om\/index.php\/squmj\/article\/download\/3944\/2982","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T09:50:01Z","timestamp":1793699401000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/mjournal.squ.edu.om\/home\/vol20\/iss4\/7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,21]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,21]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18295\/squmj.2020.20.04.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["2075-0528"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2075-0528","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,21]]}}}