{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]],"date-time":"2024-12-18T05:34:47Z","timestamp":1734500087002,"version":"3.30.2"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Knowledge E DMCC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJAAI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) can be complicated by acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and may be associated with cytokine storm and multiorgan failure. Anti-inflammatory agents, such as systemic corticosteroids, monoclonal antibodies, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can be used for this purpose. In this study, we evaluated the immunomodulatory effect of mannuronic acid (M2000), which is a novel NSAID, on COVID-19-related cytokine storms.\r\nThis study was conducted in vitro on blood samples of 30 COVID-19 patients who presented with ARDS to a referral center. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from blood samples and incubated with phorbol myristate acetate for 24 hours. M2000 was administered with the dosages of 25 \u00b5g\/well and 50 \u00b5g\/well after 4 hours of incubation at 37\u00b0C. The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was conducted to assess mRNA gene expression. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to evaluate the supernatant PBMC levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-17, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-\u03b1, and interferon (IFN)-\u03b3.\r\nBoth mRNA expression and the supernatant PBMC levels of IL-17, TNF-\u03b1, IL\u20116, and IFN\u2011\u03b3 were decreased in PBMCs of COVID-19 patients treated with M2000 compared with the control \u00a0group.\r\nFor the first time, it was observed that M2000 could be effective in alleviating the inflammatory cascade of COVID-19 patients based on an in vitro model. After further studies in vitro and in animal models, M2000 could be considered a novel NSAID drug in COVID-19 patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.18502\/ijaai.v21i6.11528","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T07:33:51Z","timestamp":1672558431000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["\u03b2-D-mannuronic Acid (M2000) and Inflammatory Cytokines in COVID-19;  An in vitro Study"],"prefix":"10.18502","author":[{"given":"Behrouz","family":"Robat-Jazi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Khodayar","family":"Ghorban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Gholami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Esmaeil","family":"Samizadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zahra","family":"Aghazadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Amin","family":"Shahrbaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Dadmanesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Negin","family":"Hosseini Rouzbahani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abbas","family":"Mirshafiey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"7770","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,31]]},"container-title":["Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/publish.kne-publishing.com\/index.php\/IJAAI\/article\/download\/11528\/10939","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/publish.kne-publishing.com\/index.php\/IJAAI\/article\/download\/11528\/10939","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,17]],"date-time":"2024-12-17T16:47:05Z","timestamp":1734454025000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publish.kne-publishing.com\/index.php\/IJAAI\/article\/view\/11528"},"secondary":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ijaai.tums.ac.ir\/index.php\/ijaai\/article\/view\/3627","label":"UNIVERSITY"},{"URL":"https:\/\/publish.kne-publishing.com\/index.php\/IJAAI\/article\/view\/11528","label":"PUBLISHER"}]},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,31]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18502\/ijaai.v21i6.11528","relation":{},"ISSN":["1735-5249","1735-1502"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1735-5249"},{"type":"print","value":"1735-1502"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,31]]}}}