{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T23:44:22Z","timestamp":1789429462321,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Knowledge E DMCC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: An important leading cause of the emergence of vancomycin-resistant enterococci, especially Enterococcus faecium, is the inefficiency of antibiotics in the elimination of drug-resistant pathogens. Consequently, the need for alternative treatments is more necessary than ever.\r\nMaterials and Methods: A highly effective bacteriophage against vancomycin-resistant E. faecium called vB-EfmS-S2 was isolated from hospital sewage. The biological properties of phage S2 and its effect on biofilm structures were determined.\r\nResults: Phage S2 was specifically capable of lysing a wide range of clinical E. faecium isolates. According to Electron mi- croscopy observations, the phage S2 belonged to the Siphoviridea family. Suitable pH spectra for phage survival was 5-11, at which the phage showed 100% activity. The optimal temperature for phage growth was 30-45\u00b0C, with the highest growth at 37\u00b0C. Based on one-step growth curve results, the latent period of phage S2 was 14 min with a burst size of 200 PFU\/ml. The phage S2 was also able to tolerate bile at concentrations of 1 and 2% and required Mg2+ for an effective infection cycle. Biofilms were significantly inhibited and disrupted in the presence of the phage.\r\nConclusion: According to the results, phage S2 could potentially be an alternative for the elimination and control of vancomycin-resistant E. faecium biofilm.\r\n\u00a0<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.18502\/ijm.v13i5.7436","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,17]],"date-time":"2021-10-17T12:57:11Z","timestamp":1634475431000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Biological characteristics and anti-biofilm activity of a lytic phage against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium"],"prefix":"10.18502","author":[{"given":"Forough","family":"Goodarzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masoumeh","family":"Hallajzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Sholeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malihe","family":"Talebi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vahid","family":"Pirhajati Mahabadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nour","family":"Amirmozafari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"7770","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]]},"container-title":["Iranian Journal of Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/publish.kne-publishing.com\/index.php\/IJM\/article\/download\/7436\/7329","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/publish.kne-publishing.com\/index.php\/IJM\/article\/download\/7436\/7329","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,17]],"date-time":"2024-12-17T16:40:07Z","timestamp":1734453607000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publish.kne-publishing.com\/index.php\/IJM\/article\/view\/7436"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18502\/ijm.v13i5.7436","relation":{},"ISSN":["2008-4447","2008-3289"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2008-4447","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2008-3289","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]]}}}