{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T22:26:28Z","timestamp":1793312788145,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Knowledge E DMCC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains a major public health challenge, particularly in hyperendem- ic regions. This study assessed the effectiveness of Iran's national HBV vaccination program in Esfandiar village, South Kho- rasan Province, where HBV prevalence substantially exceeds the national average. We compared hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) prevalence between cohorts born before and after implementation of the universal vaccination program in 1993. Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional seroprevalence study encompassing both unvaccinated individuals (born before 1993) and vaccinated individuals (born 1993 onwards) in Esfandiar village. Serum samples were analyzed for HBsAg, hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg), and hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).\r\nResults: HBsAg prevalence was markedly higher among unvaccinated individuals (22.56%, 132\/585) compared to vaccinat- ed individuals (1.19%, 3\/252), yielding a vaccine effectiveness of 94.74%. Among vaccinated children, 54% maintained pro- tective antibody titers (&gt;10 mIU\/mL), with highest levels observed in children born to HBsAg-positive mothers. Conversely,\r\n46% of vaccinated children demonstrated suboptimal antibody titers (&lt;10 mIU\/mL), predominantly among those born to HBsAg-negative mothers. Notably, all three HBsAg-positive vaccinated children were born to mothers with concurrent HBsAg and HBeAg positivity.\r\nConclusion: The national HBV vaccination program demonstrates remarkable effectiveness in reducing HBsAg prevalence, underscoring the critical importance of universal neonatal immunization in endemic settings. Enhanced preventive strategies, including hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) administration to infants of HBeAg-positive mothers, could further optimize protection. Sustained surveillance and rigorous adherence to vaccination protocols remain essential for achieving compre- hensive HBV control.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.18502\/ijm.v17i5.19893","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T07:58:53Z","timestamp":1760428733000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Neonatal vaccination and HBV prevalence: Evidence from Esfandiar village, Iran"],"prefix":"10.18502","author":[{"given":"Narges","family":"Jarrahi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arezou","family":"Khosrojerdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fereshte","family":"Osmani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Armin","family":"Ziaee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masood","family":"Ziaee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"7770","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]]},"container-title":["Iranian Journal of Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/publish.kne-publishing.com\/index.php\/IJM\/article\/download\/19893\/18585","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/publish.kne-publishing.com\/index.php\/IJM\/article\/download\/19893\/18585","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T11:16:04Z","timestamp":1772104564000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publish.kne-publishing.com\/index.php\/IJM\/article\/view\/19893"},"secondary":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ijm.tums.ac.ir\/index.php\/ijm\/article\/view\/5152","label":"UNIVERSITY"}]},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18502\/ijm.v17i5.19893","relation":{},"ISSN":["2008-4447","2008-3289"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2008-4447","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2008-3289","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]]}}}