{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T00:49:20Z","timestamp":1792111760052,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Knowledge E DMCC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: Salmonella Enteritidis is widespread in the world and is known to be among the most com- mon agents of zoonotic food-borne illnesses. This study evaluates the efficacy of a bacteriophage cocktail \u2014 comprising SEPL01 (Siphovirus) and SEPL13 and SEPL20 (Myoviruses) \u2014 in controlling Salmonella Enteritidis infection in poultry.\r\nMaterials and Methods: A total of 168 one-day-old desi chicks were procured and randomly divided into five different groups: negative control, positive control, prophylactic, 6 h and delayed post-challenge treatment group. Birds in the positive control and trial groups were orally infected with 10\u2075 CFU\/ml S. Enteritidis on the fourth day. The bacteriophage was given in 10\u2077 PFU\/ml through oral gavage, drinkers and aerosol spray. Bacterial enumeration was done using dilution plate counting on XLD agar and bacterial reduction was determined using log10 reduction.\r\nResults: Among the groups, the prophylactic group showed the highest log\u2081\u2080 bacterial reduction: 1.92 (Day 3), 1.79 (Day 7), and 1.23 (Day 14). Drinking water administration resulted in a log\u2081\u2080 reduction of 1.62, 1.44, and 0.91, respectively, while aerosol spray was the least effective with a log\u2081\u2080 reduction of 1.12, 0.85, and 0.52 across the same days. The treatment group receiving therapy 6 hours post-challenge exhibited a moderate level of reduction: 1.63, 1.37, and 1.22 via oral gavage; 1.43, 1.15, and 0.94 via drinkers; and 0.46, 0.15, and 0.12 via aerosol spray. The delayed post-challenge group showed smaller reductions: 1.56, 1.24, and 0.92 by oral gavage; 1.25, 0.99, and 0.79 by water; and 0.42, 0.13, and 0.10 by aerosol spray.\r\nConclusion: The bacteriophage therapy is highly effective in reducing Salmonella Enteritidis, demonstrating potential as an antibiotic alternative.\r\n\u00a0<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.18502\/ijm.v18i3.21658","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T11:48:21Z","timestamp":1780487301000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Efficacy of a bacteriophage cocktail in controlling Salmonella Enteritidis infection in broiler chickens"],"prefix":"10.18502","author":[{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Zohaib","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali Ahmad","family":"Sheikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aftab Ahmad","family":"Anjum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Mubashar","family":"Beig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sehrish","family":"Firyal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aleena","family":"Kokab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Syed Bilal","family":"Tahir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tauqeer","family":"Mahmood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Shahzad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"7770","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]]},"container-title":["Iranian Journal of Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/publish.kne-publishing.com\/index.php\/IJM\/article\/download\/21658\/20141","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/publish.kne-publishing.com\/index.php\/IJM\/article\/download\/21658\/20141","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,14]],"date-time":"2026-06-14T12:12:13Z","timestamp":1781439133000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publish.kne-publishing.com\/index.php\/IJM\/article\/view\/21658"},"secondary":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ijm.tums.ac.ir\/index.php\/ijm\/article\/view\/5594","label":"UNIVERSITY"}]},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18502\/ijm.v18i3.21658","relation":{},"ISSN":["2008-4447","2008-3289"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2008-4447","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2008-3289","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]]}}}