{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T12:10:12Z","timestamp":1776255012271,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Knowledge E DMCC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774828800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["knepublishing.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["IJRM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Despite advancements in medical technology, hysterosalpingography (HSG) remains one of the most commonly used diagnostic tools in the evaluation of infertile women. Filling defects are a common abnormal finding in this technique and can be attributed to both pathological causes, such as polyps and submucosal fibroids, or nonpathological factors, such as air bubbles and mucus plaques. In this study, we used imaging techniques including HSG and saline-infused sonography.\r\nCase Presentation: Here, we discuss a rare normal variation in HSG of a 35-yr-old woman with primary infertility, no history of underlying disease or surgery, that appears as filling defects for which no underlying cause can be found upon further investigation.\r\nConclusion: Familiarity with this diverse range of filling defects helps radiologists avoid misdiagnoses and unnecessary follow-up imaging.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.18502\/ijrm.v24i1.20999","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T08:24:15Z","timestamp":1774859055000},"page":"71-78","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18502\/knecrossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["An unrecognized non-pathologic filling defect on hysterosalpingography: A case report"],"prefix":"10.18502","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Fereshteh","family":"Hosseini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Safi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Firoozeh","family":"Ahmadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"7770","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"328442","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[1] Roma Dalf\u00f3 A, \u00dabeda B, \u00dabeda A, Monz\u00f3n M, Rotger R, Ramos R, et al. Diagnostic value of hysterosalpingography in the detection of intrauterine abnormalities: A comparison with hysteroscopy. Am J Roentgenol 2004; 183: 1405\u20131409.","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.183.5.1831405"},{"key":"328443","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[2] Ledbetter KA, Shetty M, Myers DT. Hysterosalpingography: An imaging Atlas with cross-sectional correlation. Abdom Imaging 2015; 40: 1721\u20131732.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-014-0284-9"},{"key":"328444","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[3] Simpson Jr WL, Beitia LG, Mester J. Hysterosalpingography: A reemerging study. Radiographics 2006; 26: 419\u2013431.","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.262055109"},{"key":"328445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[4] Dishuck CF, Perchik JD, Porter KK, Gunn DD. Advanced imaging in female infertility. Curr Urol Reports 2019; 20: 77.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11934-019-0942-0"},{"key":"328446","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[5] Merritt BA, Behr SC, Khati NJ. Imaging of infertility, part 1: Hysterosalpingograms to magnetic resonance imaging. Radiol Clin North AM 2020; 58: 215\u2013225.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2019.10.010"},{"key":"328447","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[6] Bajaj M, Roy R, Rahman M, Roychowdhury J. Hysteroscopy is gold standard in uterine evaluation for infertility, but HSG still has a place. Asian J Med Sci 2021; 12: 98\u2013104.","DOI":"10.3126\/ajms.v12i4.35199"},{"key":"328448","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[7] Onwuchekwa CR, Oriji VK. Hysterosalpingographic (HSG) pattern of infertility in women of reproductive age. J Hum Reprod Sci 2017; 10: 178\u2013184.","DOI":"10.4103\/jhrs.JHRS_121_16"},{"key":"328449","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[8] \u00dabeda B, Paraira M, Alert E, Abuin RA. Hysterosalpingography: Spectrum of normal variants and nonpathologic findings. Am J Roentgenol 2001; 177: 131\u2013135.","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.177.1.1770131"},{"key":"328450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[9] Ahmadi F, Haghighi H, Akhbari F. Hysterosalpingography. Middle East Fertil Soc J 2012; 17: 210\u2013214.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mefs.2012.07.001"},{"key":"328451","unstructured":"[10] Ahmadi F, Zafarani F, Shahrzad G. Hysterosalpingography in the assessment of uterine cavity: A wide spectrum of acquired structural pathology. Kuwait Med J 2019; 51: 3\u201315."},{"key":"328452","unstructured":"[11] Ahmadi F, Siahbazi S, Akhbari F, Eslami B, Vosough A. Hysterosalpingography finding in intra uterine adhesion (Asherman\u2019s Syndrome): A pictorial essay. Int J Fertil Steril 2013; 7: 155."},{"key":"328453","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[12] Slezak P, Tillinger KG. Hysterographic evidence of polypoid filling defects in the uterine cavity. Radiology 1975; 115: 79\u201383.","DOI":"10.1148\/115.1.79"},{"key":"328454","unstructured":"[13] Smikle C, Yarrarapu SNS, Khetarpal S. Asherman syndrome. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan. Available at: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK448088\/."},{"key":"328455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[14] Van den Bosch T, Van Schoubroeck D, Alcazar JL, Guerriero S, Martins WD. Importance of transient myometrial contractions in diagnosis of adenomyosis and congenital uterine anomalies. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2021; 57: 651.","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.22036"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine (IJRM)"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/knepublishing.com\/index.php\/ijrm\/article\/download\/20999\/31725","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/knepublishing.com\/index.php\/ijrm\/article\/download\/20999\/31725","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T11:25:21Z","timestamp":1776252321000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/knepublishing.com\/index.php\/ijrm\/article\/view\/20999"},"secondary":[{"URL":"http:\/\/ijrm.ir\/article-1-3681-en.html","label":"UNIVERSITY"}]},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18502\/ijrm.v24i1.20999","relation":{},"ISSN":["2476-3772","2476-4108"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2476-3772","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2476-4108","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]]}}}