none 10.18502/wjpn.v8i1.21585 Knowledge E DMCC Knowledge E DMCC 7770 198706026 390917 20260811105251000 10.18502 2026-08-11T10:52:52Z 2026-07-26T13:28:56Z 0 World Journal of Peri & Neonatology WJPN 2645-4068 07 21 2026 Zoheir Fardid Seyed Reza Mirjalili Mahmood Noorishadkam Mahmood Vakili Maryam Saeida-Ardekani Mohamad Hosein Lookzadeh Background: Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in premature infants results from surfactant deficiency. Given the high cost and limited availability of Curosurf, we compared its outcomes with the Iranian surfactant Beracsurf. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study included premature infants (≤34 weeks) with RDS who met surfactant criteria. We assessed hospitalization duration, mechanical ventilation time, delivery mode, CPAP duration, Apgar score, gestational age, and clinical outcomes (discharge/mortality). Complications (pneumothorax, pulmonary/intraventricular hemorrhage, BPD, ROP, NEC), surfactant redosing frequency, and time to FiO₂<40% were compared between groups. Results: A total of 80 infants were divided into two equal groups (40 each). Baseline demographics were similar (P>0.05). Beracsurf recipients required significantly longer mechanical ventilation (3.25 vs. 2.22 days, P=0.01) and CPAP (3.05 vs. 2.41 days, P=0.04) than Curosurf recipients. No significant differences were observed in other complications, hospitalization duration, or mortality. Conclusion: Curosurf provided significantly shorter durations of respiratory support compared to Beracsurf. Other outcomes and complication rates were comparable. Further large-scale studies are warranted to guide clinical and economic decisions. 07 26 2026 10.18502/wjpn.v8i1.21585 https://publish.kne-publishing.com/index.php/WJPN/article/view/21585 https://publish.kne-publishing.com/index.php/WJPN/article/download/21585/20543 https://publish.kne-publishing.com/index.php/WJPN/article/download/21585/20543 https://wjpn.ssu.ac.ir/article_487.html