{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T22:22:47Z","timestamp":1788906167895,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Impact Journals, LLC","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Aging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,26]]},"DOI":"10.18632\/aging.101603","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,25]],"date-time":"2018-10-25T19:22:02Z","timestamp":1540495322000},"page":"2973-2990","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Quantitative characterization of biological age and frailty based on locomotor activity records"],"prefix":"10.18632","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Timothy V.","family":"Pyrkov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Gero LLC, Moscow, 1015064, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evgeny","family":"Getmantsev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gero LLC, Moscow, 1015064, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boris","family":"Zhurov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gero LLC, Moscow, 1015064, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Konstantin","family":"Avchaciov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gero LLC, Moscow, 1015064, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikhail","family":"Pyatnitskiy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gero LLC, Moscow, 1015064, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonid","family":"Menshikov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gero LLC, Moscow, 1015064, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristina","family":"Khodova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gero LLC, Moscow, 1015064, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrei V.","family":"Gudkov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter O.","family":"Fedichev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gero LLC, Moscow, 1015064, Russia"},{"name":"Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Moscow Region, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"7892","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1100\/tsw.2001.58","article-title":"Accumulation of deficits as a proxy measure of aging.","volume":"1","author":"Rockwood","year":"2001","journal-title":"Sci World J"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43068","DOI":"10.1038\/srep43068","article-title":"A frailty index based on deficit accumulation quantifies mortality risk in humans and in mice.","volume":"7","author":"Howlett","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"3","first-page":"615","article-title":"Physiological frailty index (PFI): quantitative in-life estimate of individual biological age in mice.","volume":"9","author":"Gudkov","year":"2017","journal-title":"Aging (Albany NY)"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2017.00064","article-title":"Metabolic and Genetic Markers of Biological Age.","volume":"8","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Genet"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5210","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-23534-9","article-title":"Extracting biological age from biomedical data via deep learning: too much of a good thing?","volume":"8","author":"Fedichev","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"6","first-page":"363291","article-title":"Phenotypic age: a novel signature of mortality and morbidity risk.","author":"Levine","year":"2018","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"key":"7","unstructured":"Lamkin P. Wearable tech market to be worth $34 billion by 2020. www.forbes.com\/sites\/paullamkin\/2016\/02\/17\/wearable-tech-market-to-be-worth-34-billion-by-2020\/. 2016. Accessed: 2017-08-14."},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1098\/rstl.1825.0026","article-title":"On the nature of the function expressive of the law of human mortality, and on a new mode of determining the value of life contingencies.","volume":"11","author":"Gompertz","year":"1825","journal-title":"Philos Trans R Soc Lond"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg2509","article-title":"Stochastic modelling for quantitative description of heterogeneous biological systems.","volume":"1","author":"Wilkinson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Rev Genet"},{"key":"10","unstructured":"Landau LD, Lifshitz EM, Pitaevskii LP. Statistical physics, part I, 1980."},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt0308-303","article-title":"What is principal component analysis?","volume":"2","author":"Ringn\u00e9r","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"key":"12","unstructured":"Feldman RS. Development across the life span. Prentice Hall, 2003."},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0457-8","article-title":"Facing up to the global challenges of ageing.","volume":"56","author":"Slagboom","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"14","unstructured":"World\u00a0Health Organization. World health statistics 2016: monitoring health for the SDGs sustainable development goals. World Health Organization, 2016."},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2012.10.016","article-title":"Genome-wide methylation profiles reveal quantitative views of human aging rates.","volume":"4","author":"Rajapakse","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol Cell"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R115","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2013-14-10-r115","article-title":"DNA methylation age of human tissues and cell types.","volume":"1","author":"Horvath","year":"2013","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/gls233","article-title":"Modeling the rate of senescence: can estimated biological age predict mortality more accurately than chronological age?","volume":"6","author":"Levine","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"18","first-page":"300889","article-title":"Identification of 12 genetic loci associated with human healthspan.","author":"Aulchenko","year":"2018","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1977.10480613","article-title":"The efficiency of cox\u2019s likelihood function for censored data. \u200e.","volume":"7","author":"Efron","year":"1977","journal-title":"J Am Stat Assoc"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1770","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1420-9101.2009.01783.x","article-title":"A database of vertebrate longevity records and their relation to other life-history traits.","volume":"2","author":"Costa","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Evol Biol"},{"key":"21","first-page":"1","article-title":"Deaths: final Data for 2014.","volume":"6","author":"Tejada-Vera","year":"2016","journal-title":"Natl Vital Stat Rep"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cox DR. Regression models and life-tables. Breakthroughs in statistics. Springer, New York, NY, 1992. 527-541.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4612-4380-9_37"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3683","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1324186111","article-title":"Morphogenesis at criticality.","volume":"11","author":"Bialek","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"24","unstructured":"Podolskiy D, Molodtcov I, Zenin A, Kogan V, Menshikov LI, Gladyshev V, Robert J Shmookler Reis RS, Fedichev PO. Critical dynamics of gene networks is a mechanism behind ageing and gompertz law. arXiv. 2015; 1502.04307."},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08227","article-title":"Early-warning signals for critical transitions.","volume":"46","author":"Sugihara","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/62.10.1096","article-title":"A method for identifying biomarkers of aging and constructing an index of biological age in humans.","volume":"6","author":"Miyao","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1159\/000262449","article-title":"Evaluation of biological aging process - a population-based study of healthy people in China.","volume":"5","author":"Chen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gerontology"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2008.04.003","article-title":"Developing a biological age assessment equation using principal component analysis and clinical biomarkers of aging in Korean men.","volume":"4","author":"Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Gerontol Geriatr"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-013-0345-8","article-title":"Construction of an integral formula of biological age for a healthy Chinese population using principle component analysis.","volume":"1","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Nutr Health Aging"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1159\/000335738","article-title":"Development and application of biological age prediction models with physical fitness and physiological components in Korean adults.","volume":"5","author":"Jin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gerontology"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glt190","article-title":"Glycans are a novel biomarker of chronological and biological ages.","volume":"6","author":"Sarac","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-016-0708-5","article-title":"Age-related changes in gut microbiota composition from newborn to centenarian: a cross-sectional study.","volume":"1","author":"Osawa","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2011.10.024","article-title":"Age-dependent changes in the cerebrospinal fluid proteome by slow off-rate modified aptamer array.","volume":"18","author":"Montine","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-015-0584-6","article-title":"DNA methylation age of blood predicts all-cause mortality in later life.","volume":"1","author":"Murphy","year":"2015","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/15592294.2016.1221569","article-title":"Epigenome-wide differential DNA methylation between HIV-infected and uninfected individuals.","volume":"1","author":"Xu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Epigenetics"},{"key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1563","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiv277","article-title":"HIV-1 Infection Accelerates Age According to the Epigenetic Clock.","volume":"21","author":"Levine","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.12325","article-title":"Accelerated epigenetic aging in Down syndrome.","volume":"1","author":"Franceschi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"key":"38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15538","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1412759111","article-title":"Obesity accelerates epigenetic aging of human liver.","volume":"11","author":"Sipos","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1080\/15592294.2016.1271855","article-title":"Tobacco smoking and smoking-related DNA methylation are associated with the development of frailty among older adults.","volume":"1","author":"Brenner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Epigenetics"},{"key":"40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-017-9960-3","article-title":"The frailty index outperforms DNA methylation age and its derivatives as an indicator of biological age.","volume":"3","author":"Jazwinski","year":"2017","journal-title":"Geroscience"},{"key":"41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14617","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms14617","article-title":"DNA methylation signatures in peripheral blood strongly predict all-cause mortality.","volume":"8","author":"Brenner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.92.6.990","article-title":"Benefits of smoking cessation for longevity.","volume":"9","author":"Sloan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2009.05372.x","article-title":"Age-related behavioral changes in Drosophila.","volume":"119","author":"Boulianne","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8919","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms9919","article-title":"C. elegans maximum velocity correlates with healthspan and is maintained in worms with an insulin receptor mutation.","volume":"6","author":"Nam","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1038\/nature23018","article-title":"Large-scale physical activity data reveal worldwide activity inequality.","volume":"54","author":"Leskovec","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2050","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0002050","article-title":"Of mice and men--universality and breakdown of behavioral organization.","volume":"3","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2320","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1424706112","article-title":"Lack of exercise leads to significant and reversible loss of scale invariance in both aged and young mice.","volume":"11","author":"Meijer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2490","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0806087106","article-title":"Reduction of scale invariance of activity fluctuations with aging and Alzheimer\u2019s disease: involvement of the circadian pacemaker.","volume":"10","author":"Scheer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138103","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.99.138103","article-title":"Universal scaling law in human behavioral organization.","volume":"9","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2007","journal-title":"Phys Rev Lett"},{"key":"50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20650","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0020650","article-title":"Scaling behavior of human locomotor activity amplitude: association with bipolar disorder.","volume":"6","author":"Murray","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"}],"container-title":["Aging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.aging-us.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.18632\/aging.101603","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,2]],"date-time":"2020-09-02T14:16:48Z","timestamp":1599056208000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.aging-us.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.18632\/aging.101603"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,26]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,31]]}},"alternative-id":["101603","30362959"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18632\/aging.101603","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/186569","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1945-4589"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1945-4589","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,26]]}}}