{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T06:28:07Z","timestamp":1789194487504,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Korean Rhinologic Society","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,31]],"date-time":"2024-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711843200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["j-rhinology.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Rhinol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of topical platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection on persistent refractory olfactory dysfunction after COVID-19 infection.Methods: A systematic review was conducted, focusing on studies that compared the efficacy of topical PRP treatment with a control group (receiving either placebo or no treatment) in ameliorating olfactory dysfunction. Pre- and post-treatment comparisons were evaluated, along with a subgroup analysis of olfactory function evaluation.Results: The analysis revealed a significant improvement in olfactory scores between 1 to 3 months post-treatment (standardized mean difference=1.4376; 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.5934\u20132.2818; I&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;\/sup&gt;=84.1%) in the treatment group compared to the control group. Moreover, a notable disparity was observed between the two groups in the incidence of substantial recovery from anosmia or hyposmia (odds ratio=8.6639; 95% CI=2.9752\u201325.2292; I&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;\/sup&gt;=0.0%). PRP treatment led to a clinically significant increase in the threshold, discrimination, and identification (TDI) score for the Sniffin\u2019 Sticks test by &gt;5.5 (minimum clinically significant difference; mean difference, 6.3494; 95% CI=4.0605\u20138.6384; I&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;\/sup&gt;=0.0%), as confirmed by verified examinations. The odds ratio for significant improvement among patients after treatment was determined to be 0.7654 (95% CI=0.6612\u20130.8451). Furthermore, all TDI subdomains exhibited significant and comparable improvements post-treatment.Conclusion: This meta-analysis indicates that the injection of PRP into the olfactory fissure or surrounding mucosal areas is an effective treatment for persistent refractory olfactory dysfunction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.18787\/jr.2024.00006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T07:57:42Z","timestamp":1711958262000},"page":"1-7","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18787\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Plasma in the Treatment of Persistent Olfactory Impairment After COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.18787","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-3921-3631","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ah Young","family":"Bae","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9248-5572","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Do Hyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2838-7820","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Se Hwan","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"7989","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/chemse\/bjt072"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4193\/rhino16.248"},{"key":"ref3","volume-title":"Position paper on olfactory dysfunction: 2023","author":"Whitcroft","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599816679952"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.26606"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546511417792"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.12162"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000513099"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-018-1963-4"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlg.0000249726.98801.77"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/micr.30263"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1076752"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/term.1756"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21053\/ceo.2022.01718"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21053\/ceo.2022.00052"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5935\/0946-5448.20160019"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lio2.357"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"10","volume-title":"Platelet-rich plasma in the management of anosmia","author":"Aboelmagd","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-022-07560-y"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.23116"},{"key":"ref22","first-page":"130","volume-title":"The potential therapeutic effect of platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of post-COVID-19 parosmia","author":"Abo El Naga","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1806-9282.20230666"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-022-07788-8"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12070-023-03553-3"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21608\/ejhm.2023.303635"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s0022215116009403"}],"container-title":["Journal of Rhinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.j-rhinology.org\/upload\/pdf\/jr-2024-00006.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.j-rhinology.org\/journal\/view.php?doi=10.18787\/jr.2024.00006","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.j-rhinology.org\/upload\/pdf\/jr-2024-00006.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,11]],"date-time":"2024-04-11T04:39:30Z","timestamp":1712810370000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.j-rhinology.org\/journal\/view.php?doi=10.18787\/jr.2024.00006"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,31]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18787\/jr.2024.00006","relation":{},"ISSN":["1229-1498","2384-4361"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1229-1498","type":"print"},{"value":"2384-4361","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-03-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-03-11","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-03-31","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published online","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-03-31","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Print publication","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}